Non-interventional Study Exploring the Relationship Between Porphyromonas Gingivalis and the Severity of Fibrosis in Patients With Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD)

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is becoming the leading cause of chronic liver disease with a prevalence of 20% worldwide. The prognosis depends on the degree of fibrosis: patients with a low degree of fibrosis (F0-F2) have a good prognosis unlike those with severe fibrosis or cirrhosis (F3-F4), exposed to excess mortality from cardiovascular diseases , cancers, and complications of cirrhosis. The diagnosis of the fibrosis stage is histological but the worsening of the fibrosis remains unknown.

The intestinal microbiota is an etiological factor in NAFLD and dysbiosis is associated with the severity of fibrosis. There is also a physiopathological rationale between oral bacterial microbiota and NAFLD. The oral microbiota is very rich, it corresponds to a reservoir of 1010 bacteria of Gram-negative bacteria (BGN). Its dysbiosis causes oral infections like periodontal diseases, immuno-infectious pathologies linked to an imbalance between the bacterial etiological factor and the host's immune defenses.

Many studies suggest that Porphyromonas gingivalis, a virulent periodontopathogenic bacterium, is associated with many systemic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases. In addition, a recent study showed the impact of Porphyromonas gingivalis on Non-Alcoholic Steatosis Liver Disease (NASH). It would be responsible for aggravation of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) by stimulating inflammation in the damaged liver tissue.

the hypothesis that the salivary levels of Porphyromonas Gingivalis could be associated with the degree of severity of fibrosis in NAFLD patients, and would constitute a new therapeutic target for the evaluation of fibrosis. This work would open new perspectives in treatment strategies.