Bevacizumab in Treating Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

Phase 2

Completed

Conditions: B-cell Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
Refractory Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

Interventions: Biological: bevacizumab

Registration Number: NCT00290810

Lead Sponsor: National Cancer Institute (NCI)

Brief Summary: This phase II trial is studying how well bevacizumab works in treating patients with relapsed or refractory B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Monoclonal antibodies, such as bevacizumab, can block cancer growth in different ways. Some block the ability of cancer cells to grow and spread. Others find cancer cells and help kill them or carry cancer-killing substances to them. Bevacizumab may also stop the growth of cancer cells by blocking blood flow to the cancer.

Detailed Description: PRIMARY OBJECTIVES:

I. Assess the treatment success rate of Bevacizumab in patients with relapsed or refractory B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL).

II. Assess the toxicity associated with this regimen in patients with relapsed or refractory CLL

SECONDARY OBJECTIVES:

I. Assess sensitivity to apoptosis/cell death of residual B-cell clone during therapy (e.g. is treatment selecting out a resistant clone).

II. Evaluate if the risk stratification parameters (ie immunoglobulin mutational, ZAP-70, FISH defects and /or CD38 status) corresponds to both baseline apoptosis/cell death and the rates of apoptosis of CLL B-cells when cultured with Bevacizumab.

III. Examine if Bevacizumab can be synergistic with other chemotherapeutic drugs such as chlorambucil or fludarabine.

IV. Assess if marrow vascularity is increased at entry to study and if it is modulated following therapy with Bevacizumab.

V. Examine the association of VEGF plasma levels at baseline with clinical responses to Bevacizumab.

VI. Examine the levels of VCAM at entry to the study and during treatment with Bevacizumab.

OUTLINE: This is a multicenter study. Patients receive bevacizumab IV over 30-90 minutes on days 1 and 15.

Courses repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. After completion of study treatment, patients are followed periodically for up to 5 years.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status: COMPLETED

Sex: All

Target Recruitment: 12

Inclusion Criteria

Diagnosis of B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)*, as defined by the following phenotypic characteristics:
- Predominant population of cells share both B-cell antigens (CD19, CD20, or CD23) as well as the T-cell antigen (CD-5), in the absence of other pan-T-cell markers (CD-3, CD-2, etc.)
  - Mantle cell lymphoma must be excluded by demonstrating the absence of the t(11;14) by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH)
- Dim surface immunoglobulin expression
- Exclusively kappa and lambda light chains
Peripheral blood absolute lymphocyte count > 5,000/mm^3
- Lymphocytosis must consist of small to moderate size lymphocytes, with ≤ 55% prolymphocytes, atypical lymphocytes, or lymphoblasts morphologically
Requires chemotherapy, as indicated by any of the following:
- Disease related symptoms, including the following:
  - Weight loss ≥ 10% within the previous 6 months
  - Extreme fatigue
  - Fevers > 100.5°F for 2 weeks without evidence of infection
  - Night sweats without evidence of infection
- Evidence of progressive marrow failure, as manifested by the development of or worsening anemia (hemoglobin ≤ 10 g/dL) and/or thrombocytopenia (platelet count ≤ 100,000/mm^3)
- Massive (i.e., > 6 cm below left costal margin) or progressive splenomegaly
- Measurable and progressive lymphadenopathy
- Measurable (i.e., > 5,000/mm^3) and progressive lymphocytosis
Progressive disease or relapsed after or refractory to 1 course of an alkylating agent-based or purine nucleoside-based (e.g., fludarabine) regimen
No marrow function attributable to dysplasia related to prior therapy
ECOG performance status 0, 1, or 2
Serum creatinine < 2 mg/dL
- If serum creatinine > 1.5 mg/dL but < 2 mg/dL, creatinine clearance must be ≥ 30 mL/min
Platelet count > 30,000/mm^3
Direct bilirubin ≤ 2 mg/dL
Not pregnant or nursing
Negative pregnancy test
Fertile patients must use effective contraception
No other second malignancy within the past 2 years except squamous cell or basal cell carcinoma of the skin or in situ carcinoma of the cervix
No New York Heart Association class III or IV heart failure
No blood pressure > 150/90 mm Hg
No unstable angina
No myocardial infarction or stroke within the past 6 months
No clinically significant peripheral vascular disease
No evidence of bleeding diathesis or coagulopathy
No significant traumatic injury within the past 28 days
Urine protein:creatinine (UPC) ratio ≤ 1.0
- Patients with a UPC ratio > 1.0 must undergo a 23-hour urine collection and must demonstrate < 1 gram of protein per day
No abdominal fistula, gastrointestinal perforation, or intra-abdominal abscess within the past 6 months
No serious, non-healing wound, ulcer, or bone fracture
No active infections requiring oral or intravenous antibiotics
No active bleeding or pathological conditions that carry a high risk of bleeding (e.g., known varices)
No thrombocytopenia requiring transfusion
See Disease Characteristics
More than 4 weeks since prior participation in an experimental drug study
At least 8 weeks since prior rituximab
At least 6 weeks since prior chemotherapy
More than 28 days since prior major surgery or open biopsy
More than 7 days since prior minor surgery, fine needle aspirations, or core biopsies
No concurrent major surgery
No concurrent participation in another experimental drug study
Concurrent full-dose warfarin or low molecular weight heparin allowed provided patient is on a stable dose AND INR is in range

Exclusion Criteria

Not provided

Study & Design

Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL

Study Design: SINGLE_GROUP

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Treatment (monoclonal antibody therapy)	bevacizumab	Patients receive bevacizumab IV over 30-90 minutes on days 1 and 15. Courses repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Number of Patients With Confirmed Objective Status of Complete Response (CR), Complete Clinical Response (CCR), Nodular Partial Response (nPR), or Partial Response (PR).	Up to 5 years	The NCI Working Group criteria will be used to assess response to therapy. A confirmed response is defined as a response documented on 2 consecutive evaluations at least 4 weeks apart. Complete Response: * No lymphadenopathy * No hepatomegaly or splenomegaly * Absense of constitutional symptoms * Polymorphonuclear leukocytes ≥ 1500/ul * Platelets \> 100,000/ul * Hemoglobin \> 11.0 gm/dl * Peripheral blood lymphocytes ≤ 4000/uL. * Confirmation by Marrow Aspirate and biopsy. Complete Clinical Response: -CR without bone marrow biopsy confirmation. Nodular Partial Response: -CR with the presence of residual clonal nodules. Partial Response requires: * ≥ 50% decrease in peripheral blood lymphocyte count * ≥ 50% reduction in lymphadenopathy * ≥ 50% reduction in size of liver and/or spleen * 1 or more of the following: * Polymorphonuclear leukocytes ≥ 1500/ul * Platelets \>100,000/ul * Hemoglobin \>11.0 gm/dl

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Toxicity Associated With This Regimen in Participants With Relapsed/Refractory Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL).	From the date of registration to the to the date of last treatment evaluation, median number of days on treatment was 56 days.	As per NCI Common Toxicity Criteria for Adverse Effects (CTCAE) Version 3.0, the term toxicity is defined as adverse events that are classified as either possibly, probably, or definitely related to study treatment. The number of participants experiencing grade 3 or higher toxicity will be reported here.
Overall Survival	From the date of registration to the date of the event (i.e., death or the date of last follow-up), up to 5 years.	The Kaplan-Meier method will be used to estimate distributions in the B-CLL population.
Time to Progression	From the date of registration to the date of the event (i.e., death or disease progression) or the date of last follow-up, up to 5 years	Progression is defined as one of the following: * A ≥50% increase in the sum of the products of at least 2 lymph nodes on 2 consecutive determinations 2 weeks apart (at least one node must be ≥2 cm) or the appearance of new palpable lymph nodes, or * A ≥50% increase in the size of the liver and/or spleen as determined by measurement below the respective costal margin or the appearance of hepatomegaly or splenomegaly which was not previously present, or * The transformation to a more aggressive histology (e.g. Richter's transformation), or * A ≥ 50% increase in the absolute number of circulating lymphocytes. The Kaplan-Meier method will be used to estimate time to progression.