Clincal study of ziabetes-e-shakari(Diabetes mellitus type II) and its management with unani medicine

.Diabetes mellitus is a heterogeneous group condition with disordered metabolism& inappropriate hyperglycemia due to either a deficiency of insulinsecretion or to a combination of insulin resistance and inadequate insulinsecretion. Giving rise to microvascular  damage (Retinopathy, Nephropathy,Neuropathy).

.  The term Diabetes was first coined by Araetus Cappodocia.Later mellitis(honeysweet) addedbtThomas Willis.

.  ZIABETES is Greek word which means “ to runthrough †or siphon.

.  There are estimated 72.96 million cases of diabetes in adult population of India.(INDIAB Study)10-oct-2019.

UNANI CONCEPT:

Su-e-Mizaj Haar Gurda(Hot derangement in temperamentof kidney):

Økidneys absorbs water from circulationdue to excessive hotness or derangement in temperament. Therefore they can’tretain much amount of fluid & pass in the form of urine. (frequentlypolyuria) to overcome the thirst. (AL-QANOON)

Su-e-Mizaj Barid Gurda(cold derangement in temperamentof Kidney):

Ø sometimes excessive exposure of cold to kidneyleads to sue mizaj bariddevelops diabetes.

MODERN CONCEPT:

üAccording tomodern concept,diabetes mellitus is heterogenous metabolic disorder characterized   by hyperglycemia with disturbance ofcarbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism.

üInadequateinsulin secretion, increase glucose production, tissue resistance to insulin or combination of any of these.

üGenetic& environmental factors combine to cause both insulin resistance & betacell loss.

üIncidenceof T2DM is Rising  due to rising obesityand reduced activity levels.

ENTRY OF GLUCOSE INTO THE CELL:

.Glucose concentration in cell< Plasma (less than 100mg/dl)

.Doesn’t enter by simple diffusion

1.Insulinindependent transport system of glucose: Hepatocytes,RBC, Brain

2.Insulindependent transport  system of glucose :Muscle& adipose tissue

GLUT2

GLUT4

Deficency ofGLUT4 results  insulin resistance.

SIGN AND SYMPTOMS:

üSAL-A-SUL  BAUL (POLYURIA)

üATASH  MAFRAT (POLYDIPSIA)

üPOLYPHAGIA

üUNEXPLAINED  WEIGHT LOSS

üCHRONICSKIN INFECTION LIKE PRURITIS, VAGINITIS

INVETIGATION:

FBS

PLBS

HBA1C

C-PEPTIDE

REFERENCES:

üSHARAH-E-ASBAB BY ALLAMA NAJEEBUDDIN SAMARQANDI TRANSALTED BY HAKEEM ALLAMA MOHAMMED KABEERUDDIN Page; 29-35 üKITABUL HAWI FIT-TIB BY ZAKARIA RAZI VOL 10 Page:181-194 üKITAB AL-AKSEER BY ALLAMA HAKEEM MOHAMMED KABEERUDDIN VOL.2 Page:1195 üKAMILUS-SANAT BY ABUL HASAN ALI IBN ABBAS MAJOOSI URDU TRANSALATION BY HAKEEM GHULAM HUSSAIN  VOL.2 Page ; 469   üZAKHEERA-E-KHWARZAMSHAHI by AHMED ALHASAN AL-JARJANI Translation by Hakeem hadi HUSSAIN KHAN(IDARA KITABUSH SHIFA DARYA GANJ NEW DELHI) page no. 540,541 üALQANON FIT TIB by SHAIKH UR RAEES BU ALI IBN SINA (IDARA KITABUSH-SHIFA DARYA GANJ DELHI) Page:248,249,250 üHAAZIQby HAKEEM MOHAMMED AJMAL KHAN (IDARA KITABUSH SHIFA DELHI) Page 387 üHARISON’SVol.2 17th,edition page 2275,2278 üDAVIDSON’SEdition 20th Page:805 üMACLEODSCLINICAL EXAMINATION 12THEdition page:94,95 üCURRENTMEDICAL DIAGNOSISAND TREATMENT EDITION 2017Page:121

üINDIANMATERICA MEDIA (DR.KM NADKARNI’S) VOL.1 Page;596

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**-**AKSEERHAKEEM MOHAMMED AZAM KHAN TRANSLATION BY HAKEEM MOHAMMED KABEERUDIN Page:818