MRI Guided Transurethral HIFU for Various Prostate Diseases
- Conditions
- Localised Prostate CancerLocally Advanced Prostate CancerLocally Recurrent Prostate CancerBenign Prostatic Hyperplasia
- Interventions
- Device: MRI guided transurethral HIFU ablation of prostatic tissue
- Registration Number
- NCT03350529
- Lead Sponsor
- Turku University Hospital
- Brief Summary
This study assesses feasibility and safety, the primary outcomes, of MRI guided transurethral high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) ablation for prostate diseases (PD). We will enrol 10 patients to each group with criteria as follows: localised prostate cancer (PC); locally advanced PC; locally recurrent PC after external beam radiation therapy (EBRT); benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Secondary outcomes are both oncologic and functional outcomes and imaging based follow up after HIFU therapy will be also assessed.
- Detailed Description
Prostate cancer (PC) is the most common cancer among men in Finland with the highest incidence of all cancers. Benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) also has high prevalence, increasing with age. BPH may cause harmful lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and it is demonstrated that by the age of 60, over 50 % of men have clinically significant prostate BPH and up to 40 % of men over age 60 suffer from LUTS.
Currently curative intended therapies for PC, radiation therapy (RT) and radical prostatectomy (RP), offer desirable oncologic local control but have major impact on genitourinary function and quality of life (QoL). Some patients are unfit for surgical procedures or cannot tolerate RT due to concomitant medical conditions or prior therapies. At present lower risk PC is increasingly managed with active surveillance. However, diagnosis of PC and active surveillance itself may both lead to notable psychological and emotional burden impairing QoL. Further, significant amount of cases in some point end up in radical treatment resulted from either risk profile upgrade or patients preference. For these patients optimal treatment might be a focal therapy with sufficient oncologic control and minor impact on QoL.
There is controversy related to optimal treatment in local recurrence after RT. 45% of patients will have local recurrence after RT within 8 years after treatment. Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) decelerate disease only temporarily and salvage RP includes major risks and is technically demanding, but can provide long-term cure in selected patients.
On the aspect of palliation, there is an eminent need for less invasive supplementary therapies since patients presenting with metastatic or locally advanced PC, generally have low performance status.
Management of benign prostatic obstruction has also faced challenges with conventional treatment modalities, since ageing and profuse co-morbidities among patients have increased. Transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) is still the standard treatment in severe LUTS caused by BPH.
Recently the major development of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been achieved improving PC diagnosis and local staging. Even though PC is often multifocal, evidence indicates that both clinical outcome and prognosis of PC is determined predominantly by index lesion. Because of the notable risk of morbidities involving radical treatments and significant evolution of MRI, focal therapies have attained wide interest. One of the most interesting focal mini-invasive treatment is high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU). HIFU technique exploits thermal energy; by raising target temperature over 55°C target volume is destroyed due to acute coagulation necrosis. Modern devices delivering HIFU to the prostate are transurethral and emit directional high intensity ultrasound to the focused regions utilising superior MRI guidance compared to older generation ultrasound guidance. Magnetic resonance thermometry technique utilizes noninvasive measurement of tissue temperature allowing monitoring real time temperature changes during treatment. The MRI treatment system is equipped with active dynamic temperature feedback control designed to maintain a constant temperature inside the target volume and at the boundary of the target area. By this way conformal three-dimensional ablative volumes with great spatial accuracy and precision can be achieved simultaneously avoiding damages to the surrounding sensitive tissues. Therapy verification is confirmed instantaneously after treatment by acquiring contrast enhanced MRI (CE-MRI) that visualise the non-perfused-volume (NPV) describing the success of total ablation of the target prostate volume.
This prospective clinical single center feasibility and safety study will evaluate the role of MRI guided transurethral HIFU ablation for various PD and clinical settings. All enrolled patients have prostate pathology and different clinical situation with need of definitive interventions and they are divided to four arms/groups according to specific inclusion criterion. Group 1 localised PC prior to RP, group 2 symptomatic locally advanced PC in need of palliative surgical intervention, group 3 locally recurrent PC after EBRT and group 4 symptomatic BPH in need for intervention.
The hypothesis is that MRI guided transurethral HIFU is feasible and safe in various prostate diseases and clinical settings. If hypothesis is proven for certain or for all groups, the investigators will continue with that group or groups to phase 2 clinical multi-institutional studies.
Recruitment & Eligibility
- Status
- COMPLETED
- Sex
- Male
- Target Recruitment
- 87
Not provided
Not provided
Study & Design
- Study Type
- INTERVENTIONAL
- Study Design
- PARALLEL
- Arm && Interventions
Group Intervention Description Symptomatic BPH MRI guided transurethral HIFU ablation of prostatic tissue MRI guided transurethral HIFU ablation is targeted to adenomas of the prostate. The HIFU sector encompasses bilateral (anterolateral) transitional zones between bladder neck and verumontanum (colliculus seminalis). Localised PC prior to RP MRI guided transurethral HIFU ablation of prostatic tissue MRI guided transurethral HIFU ablation is targeted to MRI visible, biopsy proven, index lesion(s) within prostate and if possible with 5mm angular extension (imaging based healthy tissue marginal) to both sides from the tumour boundary in transverse plane and 5 mm in coronal plane. The ablative effect is aimed to reach prostate capsule by heating the control boundary (3 mm from capsule) to temperature 57 °C. The focal approach is intended to be radical as for index lesion. Symptomatic locally advanced PC MRI guided transurethral HIFU ablation of prostatic tissue MRI guided transurethral HIFU ablation is targeted to main prostatic malignant tumour squeezing and/or invading the prostatic urethra and/or bladder neck. The approach is intended to be palliative. Locally recurrent PC after EBRT MRI guided transurethral HIFU ablation of prostatic tissue MRI guided transurethral HIFU ablation is targeted to MRI visible, biopsy proven, local recurrent index lesion(s) within and/or surrounding prostate and if possible with 5 mm angular extension to either side from the tumour boundary in transverse plane and 5 mm in coronal plane. The approach is intended to be focal and salvage. The whole-gland HIFU ablation approach will be considered in case of extensive organ confined recurrent prostate cancer (positive biopsies for malignancy from extensive/multiple area in prostate and/or extensive/multiple lesion(s) at baseline MRI) to cover whole prostate.
- Primary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Radiologically determined treatment accuracy of HIFU ablation in localised PC arm/group. 3-4 weeks from the treatment date Quantitative analysis of radiologically verified treatment accuracy; determined by comparing targeting volumes on MRI during treatment planning to immediate, 1 and 3 week NPV in CE-MRI following HIFU therapy. The ratio in percentage (%) between target prostate volume (ml) and NPV (ml) will be measured.
Radiologically determined treatment accuracy of HIFU ablation in locally recurrent PC after EBRT arm/group. 12 months from the treatment date Quantitative analysis of treatment accuracy; determined by comparing targeting volume on MRI during treatment planning to immediate, 1 week and 12 months NPV in CE-MRI following HIFU therapy.
The ratio in percentage between target prostate volume (ml) and non-perfused volume (ml) will be measured.Evaluate targeting accuracy volume of HIFU ablation separately in each study arm/group. The date of HIFU treatment Quantitative analysis of targeting accuracy volume illustrates over- and under-treatment representing the amount of tissue ≥ target temperature 57°C outside the target volume and \< target temperature 57°C inside the target volume, respectively.
Over- and under-treatment volumes are expressed as a % of the target volume.
The measure is a composite outcome measure reported as single value for each arm/group.Safety of MRI guided transurethral HIFU ablation in various prostate diseases 12 months from the treatment date Safety is determined in each group and all group together by evaluation of the frequency and severity of device/treatment related adverse events associated with the use of TULSA-PRO system to ablate prostate tissue. The severity of the adverse events are graded according to the Clavien-Dindo Classification of surgical complications.
The measure is a composite outcome measure reported as single value for each arm/group.Evaluate targeting accuracy of HIFU ablation separately in each study arm/group. The date of HIFU treatment Quantitative analysis of targeting accuracy is defined as spatial difference between target prostate region in treatment planning phase and the target temperature isotherm (57°C) at the end of HIFU treatment on MRI thermometry. The measure used is dice similarity coefficient (DSC - unitless from 0 to 1) which is a statistical validation metric to measure the degree of spatial overlap between two regions.
The measure is a composite outcome measure reported as single value for each arm/group.Radiologically determined treatment accuracy of HIFU ablation in locally advanced PC arm/group. 12 months from the treatment date Quantitative analysis of treatment accuracy; determined by comparing targeting volume on MRI during treatment planning to immediate, 1 week and 12 months NPV in CE-MRI following HIFU therapy.
The ratio in percentage between target prostate volume (ml) and NPV (ml) will be measured.Histopathologically determined treatment accuracy of HIFU ablation in localised PC arm/group. 3-4 weeks from the treatment date Qualitative analysis of treatment accuracy; determined by comparing both targeting volume on MRI during treatment planning and immediate, 1 and 3 weeks NPV following HIFU therapy separately to histopathologically verified coagulation necrosis volume from the removed prostate at 3 week after HIFU therapy. The ratio in percentage between target prostate volume (ml) and NPV (ml) to coagulative necrosis volume (ml) will be measured.
Radiologically determined treatment accuracy of HIFU ablation in BPH arm/group. 12 months from the treatment date Quantitative analysis of treatment accuracy; determined by comparing targeting volume on MRI during treatment planning to immediate, 1 week and 12 months NPV in CE-MRI following HIFU therapy. The ratio in percentage between target prostate volume (ml) and NPV (ml) will be measured.
- Secondary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Preliminary efficacy of HIFU ablation to achieve sufficient tumour control in patients having local recurrent PC after EBRT 12 months from the treatment date Histopathological evaluation of the treatment response is based on 2-6-core biopsy results obtained from HIFU treated region/volume at 12 months. The number of biopsies taken is depended on the size and extension of the primary lesion treated with HIFU. The cognitive transrectal ultrasound guided biopsy method will be used to confirm histologically anticipated treatment success; coagulative necrosis/fibrosis/scar tissue of the prostate tissue. The outcome of biopsies (negativity/positivity for prostate cancer) will be measured. The proportion of patients with negative prostate biopsy will be measured at 12 months follow-up visit.
Image based follow up following HIFU ablation 12 months from the treatment date Evaluation and characterisation of image based follow up with repetitive mpMRI (Arm/group 1: immediate, 1 and 3 week, Arms/Groups 2, 3 and 4: immediate, 1 week, 12 month) after HIFU treatment. Image based follow up will be focused on modifications and development of the rim of enhancement surrounding NPV and the evolution of NPV following HIFU treatment.
Trial Locations
- Locations (1)
Department of Urology
🇫🇮Turku, Finland