Oral Gut Liver Axis in Cirrhosis

Not Applicable

Completed

• Conditions: Cirrhosis; Periodontitis; Gingivitis
• Interventions: Procedure: Dental Cleaning

• Registration Number: NCT03030820
• Lead Sponsor: Virginia Commonwealth University

Brief Summary

This will be a prospective study of cirrhotics and healthy controls comparing their oral microbiota, endotoxemia and systemic inflammation at baseline and at 30 days after clinically indicated systematic oral cleansing and interventions as well as 3-month hospitalizations post-cleaning.

Detailed Description

This will be a prospective study of cirrhotics and healthy controls comparing their oral microbiota, endotoxemia and systemic inflammation at baseline and at 10 and 30 days after clinically indicated systematic oral cleansing and interventions as well as 3-month hospitalizations post-cleaning.

The investigators will recruit cirrhotic subjects and age- matched healthy controls from the hepatology clinics. Subjects will be informed regarding the study and will give the investigators a written informed consent.

After informed consent and evaluation of eligibility, subjects will be asked to complete an oral health questionnaire and sample collection during the recruitment visit. Patients will then be scheduled for a dental exam during a separate screening visit up to 7 days after this recruitment visit at the Dental Clinics.

At this time patients will undergo cognitive testing consisting of a validated cognitive battery of PHES (psychometric hepatic encephalopathy score) and EncephalApp stroop. In addition, they will undergo Sickness Impact Profile (a quality of life questionnaire).

During dental exam which will be done during screening visit, the subject will undergo comprehensive oral evaluation which will include dental xrays (as needed) which are part of the study, periodontal examination (determination of pocket depth, clinical attachment levels, bleeding on probing, plaque index) and recording of caries and oral soft tissue lesions. Dental cleaning is part of the study protocol and not intended to fully treat the patient's periodontal and dental diseases. Therefore no follow-up dental visits will be scheduled in the dental clinics after completion of dental cleansing.

The patients who do not qualify for the study will be informed of the findings by the dental professionals and subsequently the patients need to make arrangements for their dental treatment needs.

The study will include cirrhotic patients with/without hepatic encephalopathy. Subjects will then be scheduled for dental cleaning which could occur over 1 or 2 visits as determined during the screening exam.

Before the initiation of oral therapy, plaque and gingival crevicular samples will be collected for microbiota. The subjects will receive deep dental cleanings (scaling and root planing) and oral hygiene instructions as per clinical indication.

Subjects will then be followed at day 10 for clinical exam and day 30 at which point stool, saliva and blood samples for the similar analyses as before will be collected. There will be no more dental examinations after the initial assessment and treatment. We will repeat the cognitive testing at day 30 using alternate forms of the same cognitive tests and also repeat quality of life testing at day 30 .

The investigators will also follow them for up to 3 months post-cleaning for hospitalizations using active chart review and follow-up

Basic Information
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Recruitment & Eligibility
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Study & Design
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Trial Locations

Study Timeline

• Study Start: 2016-10
• Study First Submitted: 2017-01-05
• Study First Submitted QC: 2017-01-20
• Study First Posted: 2017-01-25
• Primary Completion: 2018-03
• Study Completion: 2018-03
• Status Verified: 2018-04
• Last Update Submitted: 2018-04-02
• Last Update Posted: 2018-04-04

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: COMPLETED
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 44

Inclusion Criteria

Not provided

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Exclusion Criteria

Exclusions for all subjects (will be done at the screening visit at both clinics)

1. Current use of absorbable antibiotics (use of antibiotics within 4 weeks)
2. Diagnosed with severe chronic or aggressive forms of periodontitis based on American Academy of Periodontology Classification (5)
3. Presence of more than 2 severe cavitated caries lesions
4. Presence of oral soft-tissue lesions such as ulcers
5. Presence of abscesses
6. Unclear diagnosis of cirrhosis (for cirrhotics)
7. Edentulous or less than 20 natural teeth
8. Smoking, oral tobacco and alcohol abuse within 3 months
9. Prisoners
10. Pregnant women
11. INR(international normalized ratio) >1.5
12. Platelet count <50,000
13. Diagnosed bleeding disorders
14. Patients on anti-coagulation
15. Patients who will otherwise be eligible for prophylactic antibiotics before dental cleaning
16. Last dental cleaning within 3 months of study.

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Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: SINGLE_GROUP

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Dental cleaning	Dental Cleaning	Patients with cirrhosis and healthy controls will undergo dental examination and subsequent dental cleaning if necessary.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Change in serum endotoxin	30 days	Relative change in serum endotoxin levels using LAL (limulus amebocyte lysate) assay will be measured before/after cleaning and between groups

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Change in performance on two batteries of Cognitive function	30 days	Relative change in PHES battery (total standard deviations above normal performance)and EncephalApp Stroop values (seconds taken) will be measured before/after cleaning and between groups
Change in systemic inflammatory cytokines in the blood	30 days	Relative change in pg/ml of serum IL-6 (interleukin), IL-1b (interleukin) using ELISA assays will be measured before/after cleaning and between groups
All-cause Hospitalizations	3 months	All-cause, liver-related and elective hospitalizations at 3 months will be studied and compared between groups
Change in microbiota composition in the saliva and stool	30 days	Relative change in microbial composition using 16SrRNA multi-tagged sequencing in stool and saliva will be measured before/after cleaning and between groups
MELD (model for end-stage liver disease) score change in the cirrhosis group	30 days	Relative change in MELD score will be analyzed in cirrhotic patients before/after cleaning
Quality of life changes	30 days	Changes in quality of life using Sickness Impact Profile will be measured

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Virginia Commonwealth University; 🇺🇸 Richmond, Virginia, United States