Added Effect of Action Observation Therapy with Otago Exercises Versus Otago Exercises on Balance in Community Dwelling Older Adults.

Aging is a process causing attritional changes in the body, leading to loss of movement and balance. Visual, somatosensory, and vestibular systems play key roles in balance decline with age. Negative impacts of aging on balance include reduced strength, muscle mass, bone density, central nervous system atrophy, and peripheral sensory decline. Balance issues are linked to fear of falling and decreased confidence, affecting quality of life. The Otago exercise program, incorporating strengthening, balance training, and walking, is an effective protocol for addressing balance concerns in older adults.  Action Observation Therapy improves motor performance in older adults by activating mirror neurons and enhancing cortical excitability. Action Observation Therapy improves motor performance in older adults by activating mirror neurons and enhancing cortical excitability, benefiting balance in conditions like Parkinson’s, multiple sclerosis, and stroke. However, there is limited research on its effect on balance in the elderly. Otago exercises target various balance-related systems, but the addition of cognitive intervention training has not been studied. A study aims to evaluate the combined effect of Action Observation Therapy and Otago exercises on balance in Community Dwelling older adults.

Protocol-Intervention protocol Group A will be given Otago exercises 3 times a week for 6 weeks .Group B will be given Action observation therapy with otago exercises 3 times a week for 6 weeks .Action observation exercises will be conducted on the base of otago exercises .Participants will be asked to watch the video on laptop placed on eye level in front of them while sitting comfortably in a chair with arm rests . While watching the video participants will be not allowed to follow the contents of the video or to move . The action observation video content same as components of otago exercises program.