The Effect of Maximal Mental Effort During Resistance Training on Physical Function and Motor Unit Behavior in Older Adults
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 招募中
- 入组人数
- 75
- 试验地点
- 1
- 主要终点
- Change in isokinetic strength of the knee extensors at 60 degrees per second
研究概览
简要总结
The goal of this clinical trial is to determine the effect of maximal mental effort combined with low-intensity resistance training on strength and neuromuscular function in older adults. The main questions it aims to answer are:
- Does low-intensity resistance training in combination with maximal mental effort increase strength more than low intensity resistance training alone?
- Does low-intensity resistance training in combination with maximal mental effort improve neuromuscular function more than low intensity resistance training alone?
Participants will be randomly assigned to 1 of 3 groups:
- Low intensity resistance training
- Low intensity resistance training with maximal mental effort
- Control Researchers will compare groups to determine differences in changes in strength, neuromuscular function, and body composition.
详细描述
Participants in both training groups will perform 8 weeks of low intensity, whole-body resistance training. Participants in the control group will participate in all testing procedures but not perform any training. Participants from all groups will be instructed to otherwise maintain their normal physical activity levels and dietary habits.
All training sessions will be supervised by research personnel at a Kennesaw State University fitness center. Participants will complete 2 training sessions per week for 8 weeks. Each training session will last about 45-60 minutes and consist of 5 exercises, including both multi-joint (leg press, chest press, back row) and single-joint (knee extension, bicep curl) exercises. Participants will perform 2 sets of 15 repetitions for each exercise for the first 2 weeks, then volume will be increased by progressing to 3 sets for the remaining 6 weeks. There will be a 60-second rest interval between sets and a similar tempo will be used between groups.
Both training groups will perform the same training protocol, but participants in the maximal mental effort group will mentally urge their muscles to contract maximally during each repetition. That is, despite using a low intensity, participants will imagine the feeling of maximal muscle contraction of the primary muscles during each repetition.
Several measures of strength, neuromuscular function, physical function, and body composition will be measured before and after the training or control period.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Parallel
- 主要目的
- Other
- 盲法
- Single (Participant)
盲法说明
The mental effort aspect of the study will be concealed from subjects, so they will not be aware of any difference between training groups.
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 65 Years 至 85 Years（Older Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •Body mass index between 18.5 - 33 kg·m2
- •No structured physical activity in past 2 years
- •Any unstable condition contradicting exercise
- •Independently walk with or without assistive device
- •No significant cognitive impairment
排除标准
- •Score of 22 or lower on Montreal Cognitive Assessment
- •Missing more than 3 training sessions (training groups only)
- •Pacemaker
- •Unstable angina
- •Symptomatic heart failure
- •Uncontrolled arrythmias
- •Uncontrolled hypertension (greater or equal to 160/90)
- •Myocardial infarction in the past 6 months
- •Uncontrolled type 2 diabetes
- •Type 1 diabetes
- •Severe or unstable pulmonary conditions,
- •Currently on supplemental oxygen therapy
- •Severe hearing loss or visual impairment
- •Alzheimer's Disease or significant cognitive impairment
- •Stroke in the past 6 months or ongoing stroke-induced motor impairment
- •Any neurological (e.g., Parkinson's) condition affecting motor control
- •Undergoing chemotherapy
- •Surgery in past 6 months
- •Musculoskeletal injury in the past 6 months
- •Terminal illness
- •Stage 3 or greater chronic kidney disease
研究组 & 干预措施
Low Intensity Resistance Training with Maximal Mental Effort
This group will perform low intensity, whole-body resistance training with maximal mental effort during muscle contraction.
干预措施: Low Intensity Resistance Training with Maximal Mental Effort (Behavioral)
Low Intensity Resistance Training
This group will perform low intensity, whole-body resistance training.
干预措施: Low Intensity Resistance Training (Behavioral)
Control
This group will not perform any training and maintain their regular level of physical activity.
结局指标
主要结局
Change in isokinetic strength of the knee extensors at 60 degrees per second
时间窗: Baseline, Week 8
Dynamic strength of the knee extensors contracting at a constant velocity
次要结局
- Change in isokinetic knee extensor muscle activation as measured by electromyography amplitude(Baseline, Week 8)
- Change in isometric knee extensor strength as measured by newton-meters of torque(Baseline, Week 8)
- Change in knee extensor muscle activation as measured by electromyography amplitude(Baseline, Week 8)
- Change in motor unit firing rate as measured relative to the motor unit recruitment threshold(Baseline, Week 8)
- Change in motor unit action potential size as measured relative to the motor unit recruitment threshold(Baseline, Week 8)
- Change in handgrip strength as measured in kilograms of force(Baseline, Week 8)
- Change in walking speed as measured by time taken to walk 4 meters(Baseline, Week 8)
- Change in chair rise performance as measured by number of chair rises performed in 30 seconds(Baseline, Week 8)
- Change in bicep curl strength as measured by load lifted in pounds(Baseline, Week 8)
- Change in dynamic strength of the lower body muscles during the leg press as measured by load lifted in pounds for 5 repetitions(Baseline, Week 5, Week 8)
- Change in muscle composition as measured by ultrasound-derived grey-scale analysis(Baseline, Week 8)
- Change in skeletal muscle size as measured by ultrasound-derived cross-sectional area(Baseline, Week 8)
- Change in fat mass as measured by kilograms(Baseline, Week 8)
- Change in fat-free mass as measured by kilograms(Baseline, Week 8)
- Change in body fat percentage as measured by fat tissue relative to fat-free tissue(Baseline, Week 8)
- Change in cognitive function as measured by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment(Baseline, Week 8)
研究者
Garrett Hester
Professor of Exercise Science
Kennesaw State University