Patient Perception of Pain Following Extraction and Bone Graft Surgery With or Without Preemptive Ibuprofen: A Randomized Clinical Trial

The null hypothesis of this randomized clinical trial is that there is no difference in patient-reported pain and oral health-related quality of life during the first postoperative week following extraction and bone graft surgery between patients who received 600mg of preemptive ibuprofen versus placebo.

Participants will receive ibuprofen 600mg (test group) or placebo (control group) per os 1 hour prior to extraction and bone graft surgery. Researchers and patients will be blinded to the group assignment. Both groups will be given rescue medication in the form of 1,000 mg tabs of acetaminophen every 6 hours as needed for pain (maximum allowed daily dose 4,000 mg per FDA) and will be allowed to receive ibuprofen or other analgesic medication as needed if pain is not controlled by acetaminophen alone. The subjects will receive the rescue medication pills at the end of the surgical appointment.

Patient-reported pain will be collected by Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) before surgery, every hour for the first 3 postoperative hours and on postoperative days 1-7. VAS for patient-reported swelling will also be recorded at the same time points. Number of rescue medications will be recorded at the same postoperative time points. Oral health-related quality of life as expressed by Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) questionnaire will be reported before surgery and on postoperative days 2, 5 and 7. Questionnaires on dental anxiety (Modified Dental Anxiety Scale), oral health literacy (Rapid estimate of Adult Literacy in Dentistry 30 Short Form), fear of pain (Fear of pain questionnaire-9) and pain catastrophizing (Pain catastrophizing scale) will be collected prior to surgery and will be evaluated as pain modifiers. Anticipated pain will be reported prior to surgery and questions on comparison between actual and anticipated pain and willingness to undergo a similar procedure again will be asked on days 1 and 7. Surgical and demographic data as well as medical history will be collected on the day of surgery. Clinical wound healing observations will be recorded on day 7.