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Effects of Isotonic Saline As Irrigation Fluid In Transurethral Resection of Prostate (TUR-P) Operations

Conditions
Hyperchloremic Acidosis
Transurethral Resection of Prostate
Normal Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Anesthesia
Registration Number
NCT05285189
Lead Sponsor
Istanbul University
Brief Summary

Benign hypertrophy of the prostate (BPH) is a disease seen in 20% of men over the age of 50 and in 40% of those over the age of 70. The gold standard in the treatment of BPH is transurethral resection of the prostate using high-frequency diathermy. Today, this process is done with the bipolar technique, in which isotonic saline (isotonic sodium chloride %0.9) is used as the irrigation fluid. This irrigation fluid, which is used after long operation and deep tissue resection, can enter the systemic circulation through the opened venous sinuses.

It has been shown in clinical studies that postoperative acute hyperchloremia (serum Cl level \> 110 mmol/L) develops after the use of intravenous normal saline solution in large amounts in the perioperative period.

Our aim is to detect hyperchloremia and associated metabolic acidosis without anion gap in the follow-up of these patients. Our primary hypothesis in this study is that hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis will develop due to the high amount of normal saline used in TUR-P.

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Detailed Description

Benign hypertrophy of the prostate (BPH) is a disease seen in 20% of men over the age of 50 and in 40% of those over the age of 70. The gold standard in the treatment of BPH is transurethral resection of the prostate using high-frequency diathermy. Today, this process is done with the bipolar technique, in which normal saline (isotonic sodium chloride %0.9) is used as the irrigation fluid. In bipolar TUR-P, resection is performed using 25000 - 30000 ml normal saline for irrigation. This irrigation fluid, which is used after long operation and deep tissue resection, can enter the systemic circulation through the opened venous sinuses.

It has been shown in clinical studies that postoperative acute hyperchloremia (serum Cl level \> 110 mmol/L) develops after the use of intravenous normal saline solution in large amounts in the perioperative period. McCluskey et al. found that 30-day mortality, prolonged hospital stay, and postoperative renal dysfunction developed in patients who received perioperative intravenous normal saline and subsequently developed acute hyperchloremia. Megan E. et al. Scheingraber et al. reported that the use of normal saline increases the risk of acidosis and kidney damage, also compared Ringer's lactate and normal saline infusion in patients who underwent gynecological surgery and showed that hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis developed in normal saline group. Excessive and rapid administration of normal saline solution by parenteral route causes hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis, which adversely affects the organism. According to recent studies, the development of hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis increases the cost and mortality, prolongs the hospitalization period, and causes renal dysfunction.

Our aim is to detect hyperchloremia and associated metabolic acidosis without anion gap in the follow-up of these patients. Our primary hypothesis in this study is that hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis will develop due to the high amount of normal saline used in TUR-P.

The investigators expect that an increase in the amount of fluid, prolongation of the operation time, and capsule perforation will increase hyperchloremia and deepen metabolic acidosis. If it causes hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis, the contribution of the amount of irrigation fluid or the duration of the operation can be determined, and the maximum amount of fluid that does not adversely affect the organism and the duration of the operation can be predicted.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
UNKNOWN
Sex
Male
Target Recruitment
75
Inclusion Criteria
  • Male gender
  • Having had a TUR-P operation
  • Using of bipolar technic
  • American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) grade I-III
  • Receiving patients consent
Exclusion Criteria
  • Failure to record preoperative and postoperative blood gas data
  • Patient refusal

Study & Design

Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Study Design
Not specified
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Serum Chlorid levelUp to 4 hours

Chlorid level is evaluated with blood gas analysis 3 times in total, at the beginning of the operation, at the 40th minute of the operation and 1st hour of arrival in post-anesthesia care unit.

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Duration of operationUp to 4 hours

The effect of operation time on hyperchloremia.

Serum anion gap levelUp to 4 hours

It is evaluated with blood gas analysis 3 times in total, at the beginning of the operation, at the 40th minute of the operation and 1st hour of arrival in post-anesthesia care unit.

Serum lactate levelUp to 4 hours

It is evaluated with blood gas analysis 3 times in total, at the beginning of the operation, at the 40th minute of the operation and 1st hour of arrival in post-anesthesia care unit.

Incidence of postoperative acute kidney injuryUp to 48 hours

AKI was diagnosed by an increase in serum creatinine concentration \>50% from a baseline creatinine concentration measured within 48 hours prior to enrollment

Incidence of mortality rateUp to 6 months

Mortality of the patients was screened retrospectively at 6 months postoperatively.

Length of hospital stayUp to 1 week

Length of patients hospital stay was screened retrospectively at 1 week postoperatively.

Number of participants with urinary bladder hematomaUp to 1 week

Urinary system ultrasound in patients with severe hematuria

Presence&absence of capsule perforation during the operationUp to 4 hours

Effect of capsule perforation on hyperchloremia

Amount of prostate tissue resected during the operationUp to 4 hours

The effect of the amount of prostate tissue resected during the operation on hyperchloremia.

Amount of used normal saline for irrigation during the operationUp to 4 hours

The effect of the amount of used normal saline for irrigation during the operation on hyperchloremia.

Number of participants with urethral strictureUp to 6 months

Diagnosis will be made by urethroscopy in patients with voiding complaints.

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Istanbul University

🇹🇷

Istanbul, Turkey

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