Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacokinetics, and Pharmacodynamics of GS-5829 (Alobresib) as a Single Agent and In Combination With Enzalutamide in Participants With Metastatic Castrate-Resistant Prostate Cancer

Phase 1

Terminated

• Conditions: Metastatic Castrate-Resistant Prostate Cancer
• Interventions: Drug: Alobresib; Drug: Enzalutamide

• Registration Number: NCT02607228
• Lead Sponsor: Gilead Sciences

Brief Summary

This study consists of two phases: Dose Escalation (Phase 1b) and Dose Expansion (Phase 2)

The Dose Escalation phase will characterize the safety, tolerability, and determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of alobresib as a single agent and in combination with enzalutamide, in participants with metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC).

The Dose Expansion phase will evaluate the following:

* In group 1, the efficacy of alobresib as a single agent in participants with mCRPC who have progressed while receiving enzalutamide (may have also received abiraterone)

* In group 2, the efficacy of alobresib combined with enzalutamide in participants with mCRPC who have progressed while receiving treatment with abiraterone (may not have previously received enzalutamide)

* In group 3, the efficacy of alobresib combined with enzalutamide in participants with mCRPC who have had prostate specific antigen (PSA) progression, but not radiographic progression, while receiving treatment with enzalutamide (participants may have also previously received abiraterone)

Detailed Description

Not available

Study Timeline

• Study First Submitted: 2015-11-16
• Study First Submitted QC: 2015-11-16
• Study First Posted: 2015-11-17
• Study Start: 2015-12-08
• Primary Completion: 2017-10-25
• Disposition First Submitted: 2018-10-19
• Disposition First Submitted QC: 2018-10-19
• Disposition First Posted: 2018-10-23
• Study Completion: 2019-09-03
• Results First Submitted: 2020-09-03
• Status Verified: 2020-12
• Results First Submitted QC: 2020-12-04
• Last Update Submitted: 2020-12-04
• Results First Posted: 2020-12-08
• Last Update Posted: 2020-12-08

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: TERMINATED
• Sex: Male
• Target Recruitment: 31

Inclusion Criteria

• Histologically or cytologically confirmed prostate cancer (individuals with primary neuroendocrine carcinoma of prostate are excluded)

• Must have documented progressive disease by meeting at least one of the Prostate Cancer Working Group 2 Criteria

• Castration resistant disease defined as ongoing androgen deprivation therapy with gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analogue or bilateral orchiectomy and serum testosterone level ≤ 1.73 nmol/l (50 ng/dL) at screening visit. Individuals who have not had a bilateral orchiectomy must have a plan to maintain effective GnRH-analogue therapy for the duration of the trial.

• Metastatic disease documented by bone lesions on bone scan or by measurable soft tissue disease by computerized tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (CT/MRI). Patients whose disease spread is limited to regional pelvic lymph nodes are not eligible

• Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) Performance Status of ≤ 1

• Adequate organ function defined as follows:

  • Hematologic: Platelets ≥ 100 x 10^9/L; Hemoglobin ≥ 9.0 g/dL; absolute neutrophil count (ANC) ≥ 1.5 x 10^9/L (without platelet transfusion or any growth factors within previous 7 days of the hematologic laboratory values obtained at screening visit)
  • Hepatic: Aspartate transaminase (AST) / Alanine transaminase (ALT) ≤ 2.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN) (if liver metastases are present, ≤ 5 x ULN); Total or conjugated bilirubin ≤ 1.5 x ULN
  • Renal: Serum Creatinine ≤ 1.5 x ULN or creatinine clearance (CrCl) ≥ 60 mL/min as calculated by the Cockroft-Gault method

• Coagulation: International Normalized Ratio (INR) ≤ 1.2

Key

Exclusion Criteria

• Known brain metastasis or leptomeningeal disease
• Myocardial infarction, symptomatic congestive heart failure (New York Heart Association Classification > Class II), unstable angina, or serious uncontrolled cardiac arrhythmia within the last 6 months of Cycle 1 Day 1
• Impairment of gastrointestinal (GI) function or GI disease that may significantly alter the absorption of alobresib, including any unresolved nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea that is Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) Grade > 1
• Anti-tumor therapy (chemotherapy, antibody therapy, molecular targeted therapy) within 21 days or 5 half-lives, whichever is longer, of study drug dosing (6 weeks for nitrosoureas, mitomycin C, or molecular agents with t1/2 > 10 days); concurrent use of an luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) agonist is permitted for all individuals and ongoing enzalutamide is required in Group 3.
• History of long QT syndrome or whose corrected QT interval (QTc) measured (Fridericia method) at screening is prolonged (> 450 ms).
• Prior exposure to bromodomain (BET) inhibitors
• Clinically significant bleeding within 28 days of Cycle 1 Day 1
• Known human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection
• Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positive
• Hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibody positive
• Use of moderate/strong cytochrome P450 (CYP)3A4 inhibitors or moderate/strong CYP3A4 inducers within 2 weeks prior to the first dose of study drug (with the exception of enzalutamide in the combination arms)
• Evidence of bleeding diathesis
• History of hemoptysis of ≥ 2.5 mL/1 teaspoon within 6 months of Cycle 1 Day 1
• History of high grade esophageal or gastric varices
• Anticoagulation/antiplatelet therapy within 7 days of Cycle 1 Day 1, including low molecular weight heparin, or warfarin.

NOTE: Other protocol defined Inclusion/ Exclusion criteria may apply.

Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: PARALLEL

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Alobresib Dose Expansion (Group 1)	Alobresib	Participants will receive a dose less than or equal to MTD of alobresib (based on safety, pharmacodynamics (PD), and tolerability).
Alobresib + Enzalutamide Dose Expansion (Group 2)	Alobresib	Participants will receive a dose less than or equal to MTD of alobresib plus enzalutamide (based on safety, PD, and tolerability).
Alobresib + Enzalutamide Dose Escalation	Enzalutamide	Following a two week lead-in with enzalutamide once daily, participants who have progressed on abiraterone will receive less than or equal to MTD of alobresib in combination with enzalutamide 160 mg once daily. Based on observed pharmacokinetics (PK) interaction, toxicity, and tolerability observed in the single agent dose escalation, the dose of alobresib may be increased.
Alobresib + Enzalutamide Dose Expansion (Group 2)	Enzalutamide	Participants will receive a dose less than or equal to MTD of alobresib plus enzalutamide (based on safety, PD, and tolerability).
Alobresib + Enzalutamide Dose Expansion (Group 3)	Enzalutamide	Participants will receive alobresib plus enzalutamide (dose will be equivalent to the dose chosen for Group 2).
Alobresib Dose Escalation	Alobresib	Participants who have progressed on either abiraterone and/or enzalutamide will be enrolled to receive increasing doses of alobresib up to 9 mg to determine the MTD.
Alobresib + Enzalutamide Dose Escalation	Alobresib	Following a two week lead-in with enzalutamide once daily, participants who have progressed on abiraterone will receive less than or equal to MTD of alobresib in combination with enzalutamide 160 mg once daily. Based on observed pharmacokinetics (PK) interaction, toxicity, and tolerability observed in the single agent dose escalation, the dose of alobresib may be increased.
Alobresib + Enzalutamide Dose Expansion (Group 3)	Alobresib	Participants will receive alobresib plus enzalutamide (dose will be equivalent to the dose chosen for Group 2).

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Phase 1b Dose Escalation: Number of Participants Experienced Dose Limiting Toxicities (DLTs)	Day 1 through Day 28	A DLT was a toxicity, considered possibly related to alobresib, and which occurred during the DLT assessment window (Days 1 through 28) in each cohort: Grade ≥ 4 neutropenia (absolute neutrophil count (ANC) \< 500/mm\^3), Grade ≥ 3 neutropenia (ANC\< 1000/mm\^3) with fever (a single temperature \> 38.3°C or a sustained temperature of ≥ 38°C for more than 1 hour (h)), Grade ≥ 3 thrombocytopenia, Grade ≥ 2 bleeding (eg, gastrointestinal, respiratory, epistaxis, purpura), Grade ≥ 3 non hematologic toxicity, except- Grade 3 nausea or emesis with maximum duration of 48 h on adequate medical therapy and Grade 3 diarrhea which persists for \< 72 h in the absence of maximal medical therapy, Grade ≥ 2 non hematologic treatment emergent adverse event (TEAE) that in the opinion of the investigator was of potential clinical significance such that further dose escalation would expose participants to unacceptable risk, treatment interruption ≥ 7 days due to unresolved toxicity.
Phase 2 Dose Expansion: Non-progression Rate at Week 24 According to Prostate Cancer Working Group (PCWG2) Criteria	Week 24	The non-progression rate at Week 24 was defined as the proportion of participants who did not progress by Week 24.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Phase 1b Dose Escalation: Ctau: Observed Drug Concentration at the End of the Dosing Interval of Alobresib	Monotherapy: Predose, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, and 24 hours postdose on Cycle 1 Day 8 and Cycle 2 Day 1; Combination therapy: Predose, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, and 24 hours postdose on Cycle 1 Day 15	Ctau is the observed concentration of drug in plasma at the end of dosing.
Progression Free Survival (PFS)	Up to approximately 4 years	PFS was defined as the interval from first dose date of study drug to the earlier of the first documentation of definitive disease progression (assessed per PCWG2) or death from any cause. PCWG2 criteria for progression was determined as 'Decline from baseline' when record start of therapy to first prostate-specific antigen (PSA) increase that is ≥ 25% and ≥ 2 ng/mL above the nadir and confirmed by a second value 3 or more weeks later; 'No decline from baseline' when PSA progression ≥ 25% and ≥ 2 ng/mL after 12 weeks.
Phase 1b Dose Escalation: Cmax: Maximum Observed Plasma Concentration of Alobresib	Monotherapy: Predose, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, and 24 hours postdose on Cycle 1 Day 8 and Cycle 2 Day 1; Combination therapy: Predose, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, and 24 hours postdose on Cycle 1 Days 1 and 15	Cmax is the maximum observed concentration of drug in plasma.
Phase 1b Dose Escalation: AUCtau: Area Under the Plasma Concentration Versus Time Curve Over the Dosing Interval of Alobresib	Monotherapy: Predose, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, and 24 hours postdose on Cycle 1 Day 8 and Cycle 2 Day 1; Combination therapy: Predose, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, and 24 hours postdose on Cycle 1 Day 15	AUCtau is defined as the concentration of drug over time (the area under the concentration verses time curve over the dosing interval).
Phase 1b Dose Escalation: AUClast: Area Under the Plasma Concentration Versus Time Curve From Time Zero to the Last Quantifiable Concentration of Alobresib	Monotherapy: Predose, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, and 24 hours postdose on Cycle 1 Day 8 and Cycle 2 Day 1; Combination therapy: Predose, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, and 24 hours postdose on Cycle 1 Days 1 and 15	AUClast is the concentration of drug over time zero to last concentration (area under the plasma concentration versus time curve).
Phase 1b Dose Escalation: Tmax: Time (Observed Time Point) of Cmax of Alobresib	Monotherapy: Predose, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, and 24 hours postdose on Cycle 1 Day 8 and Cycle 2 Day 1; Combination therapy: Predose, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, and 24 hours postdose on Cycle 1 Days 1 and 15	Tmax is the time observed for the Cmax of alobresib.
Overall Survival (OS)	Up to approximately 4 years	OS is defined as the interval from first dose date of study drug to death from any cause.
Percentage of Participants Who Had ≥ 30% Reduction in Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) From Baseline at Week 12	Baseline; Week 12	PSA response was defined as percentage of participants with ≥ 30% decline in PSA from baseline by 12 weeks.