Efficacy of Vaccination Against COVID-19 in Patients Presenting a Neuromuscular Disease With Severe Amyotrophy

Completed

• Conditions: Amyotrophy; Neuromuscular Diseases; COVID-19

• Registration Number: NCT05353738
• Lead Sponsor: University Hospital, Bordeaux

Brief Summary

Des vaccins sont désormais disponibles en France, dont le vaccin Moderna COVID-19 qui est basé sur la technologie des ARNm. La séquence génétique qu'il contient code pour la protéine Spike (S) de l'enveloppe virale, protéine clé de la pénétration du virus dans les cellules qu'il infecte. Le vaccin ARNm est injecté par voie intramusculaire et pénètre dans les fibres musculaires, qui sont des cellules produisant des protéines en très grande quantité en continu, notamment pour la production de myofibrilles impliquées dans la contraction musculaire. Une fois à l'intérieur de la fibre musculaire, l'ARNm vaccinal est traduit par la machinerie de la fibre musculaire permettant une grande quantité de protéine Spike (S) qui sera présentée au système immunitaire provoquant la réponse vaccinale et notamment les anticorps neutralisants anti-S (NAb). Ces NAb anti-S agissent en perturbant l'interaction entre la protéine S du virus et le récepteur ACE2 (Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2), qui sert généralement de " passerelle " entre le virus et la cellule. Une campagne de vaccination est actuellement en cours au MAS-YDK avec le vaccin Moderna. Cette population est donc relativement homogène en termes d'amyotrophie, de non exposition au SARS-CoV-2 et de protocole vaccinal.

Detailed Description

COVID-19 is linked to SARS-CoV-2, a new coronavirus that can lead to death. Some neuromuscular patientsare considered at risk for various reasons: cardiomyopathy or rhythm and/or conduction disorder, ventilator insufficiency, severe motor disability with the need for human support for daily activities. Neuromuscular patients with severe amyotrophy are therefore at very high risk of severe forms of COVID-19. A still unpublished study of the French neuromuscular network FILNEMUS showed that in neuromuscular patients the risk of admission to ICU was 21.2% and the lethality rate 9.1%, well above the values observed in the general population. The prevention of COVID-19 is therefore key. Until now, in the MAS-YDK an extremely strict health protocol has been enacted to protect the residents: outings allowed only for medical appointments, 7-day quarantine for any resident returning from outside, routine systematic PCR of patients and caregivers, prohibition of visits by outsiders... This very stringent protocol has been very effective since no resident has presented any symptomatic COVID-19 but this was achieved at the cost of social isolation. Vaccination of both residents and staff is therefore the best avenue of hope for a return to a more normal life. Will vaccines using the muscle cell machinery be effective in amyotrophic patients? Vaccines are now available in France, including the Moderna COVID-19 vaccine which is based on mRNA technology. The genetic sequence it contains encodes the Spike protein (S) of the virus envelope, a protein which is key to the virus's penetration into the cells that it infects. The mRNA vaccine is injected intramuscularly and penetrates muscle fibers, which are cells producing proteins in very large quantities continuously, especially for the production of myofibrils involved in muscle contraction. Once inside the muscle fiber, the vaccine mNRA is translated by the muscle fiber machinery allowing a large amount of Spike protein (S) that will be presented to the immune system causing the vaccine response and in particular anti-S neutralizing antibodies (NAb). These anti-S NAbs work by disrupting the interaction between the virus's S protein and the ACE2 receptor (Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2), which usually serves as the "gateway" between the virus and the cell. A vaccination campaign is currently underway at the MAS-YDK with the Moderna vaccine. This population is therefore relatively homogeneous in terms of amyotrophy, lack of exposure to SARS-CoV-2 and vaccine protocol.

Study Timeline

• Study Start: 2021-09-01
• Study First Submitted: 2022-04-14
• Study First Submitted QC: 2022-04-28
• Study First Posted: 2022-04-29
• Primary Completion: 2022-09-01
• Study Completion: 2022-09-01
• Status Verified: 2023-10
• Last Update Submitted: 2023-10-05
• Last Update Posted: 2023-10-06

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: COMPLETED
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 36

Inclusion Criteria

Not provided

Exclusion Criteria

Not provided

Study & Design

• Study Type: OBSERVATIONAL
• Study Design: Not specified

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Look for the presence of antibodies anti-Spike neutralizers, 6 weeks after the second injection of the vaccine Moderna against COVID-19 in patients with severe amyotrophy in MAS Yolaine de Kepper.	6 weeks after the second injection of the Moderna vaccine	The presence of Ac causing the neutralization of the interaction between the viral protein S and the receptor ACE-2 cells by the syncytia formation inhibition assay.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Confirm the presence of anti-Spike neutralizing antibodies, 6 weeks after the second injection of the Moderna vaccine against COVID-19 by another technique:	6 week after the second injection of Moderna vaccine	Neutralization of infection of target cells expressing ACE-2 by a lentivirus expressing protein Sexpressing the protein S
Look for the presence of neutralizing antibodies to Spike, 52 or 64 weeks after the second injection of the Moderna vaccine against COVID-19 (i.e. approximately 6 months or 9 months after the 3rd dose of reminder)	52 or 64 week after the second injection of the Moderna vaccine	Neutralization of the interaction between the viral protein S and the cell receptor ACE-2 by the formation inhibition test of syncytia.; Neutralization of the infection of target cells expressing ACE-2 by a lentivirus expressing the S protein.
Look for the presence of anti-Spike neutralizing antibodies, 24 weeks after the second injection of the Moderna vaccine against COVID-19	24 week after the second injection of the Moderna vaccine against	Neutralization of the interaction between the viral protein S and the cell receptor ACE-2 by the formation inhibition test of syncytia.; Neutralization of the infection of target cells expressing ACE-2 by a lentivirus expressing protein S
Look for the presence of neutralizing antibodies directed against most recent delta and omicron variants, at all times of study	Throughout study completion, an average 64 week	Neutralization of the interaction between the viral proteins S delta and omicron and the cellular receptor by inhibition test of variant-adapted syncytia formation
Assessing the effectiveness of vaccination in real life	Throughout study completion, an average 64 week	- Frequency of COVID-19 cases confirmed by a PCR test or an antigen test that occurred at least 7 days after the second injection of the Moderna vaccine according to the protocol of usual follow-up of SAM YDK
Compare the level of anti-Spike neutralizing antibodies	Throughout study completion, an average 64 week	Compare the level of anti-Spike neutralizing antibodies of patients with severe disuse atrophy of MAS Yolaine from Kepper to that of a group of patients matched in sex and agewhose sera date from before the pandemic and constitute non-neutralizing negative controls.
Compare the neutralization techniques	Throughout study completion, an average 64 week	Compare the neutralization techniques developed for MAS YDK patients to some patient sera recently hospitalized with omicron variant infection, such as positive controls for this variant.

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

University Hospital of Bordeaux; 🇫🇷 Bordeaux, France