Additive Effect of Visual Biofeedback with Body-Weight Support Treadmill Training on Balance and Gait Speed in Subacute Stroke An Experimental Study

Background Stroke is a major cause of long-term disability frequently resulting in impaired balance, reduced gait speed, and functional dependence. Restoring independent walking is a key goal of rehabilitation in the subacute stage. Body-Weight Support Treadmill Training (BWSTT) is widely used as it provides task-specific, repetitive gait practice under safe conditions with partial unloading of body weight, thereby improving stepping ability and mobility. Despite these benefits, postural asymmetry and abnormal gait patterns often persist after BWSTT. Visual biofeedback, delivered through mirrors, can provide real-time information about posture and movement. This enhances self-awareness, facilitates motor learning, and promotes cortical reorganization, thereby helping patients achieve more symmetrical gait and better postural control.

Purpose The purpose of this study is to evaluate the additive effect of visual biofeedback combined with BWSTT on balance and gait speed in subacute stroke patients. By integrating real-time feedback with treadmill-based gait training, this trial aims to determine whether the combined intervention accelerates recovery, improves walking performance, and enhances functional independence compared to BWSTT with auditory feedback.