Effects of a Mindfulness Programme on Competitive Athletes With Physical Disabilities

Not Applicable

Completed

• Conditions: Athletic Injuries; Physical Disability; Chronic Pain
• Interventions: Other: Experimental group (MSPE programme group).; Other: Control group (relaxation group).

• Registration Number: NCT06184217
• Lead Sponsor: Universidad Politecnica de Madrid

Brief Summary

Pain affects the athlete's sporting career directly or indirectly. Directly, the injury affects other areas of the body causing a physical decompensation in the athlete and this affects the correct execution of the sporting technique, or how technical gestures can cause pain. Indirectly, through the psychological consequences of pain that generate a series of negative consequences and feelings. Some studies suggest that psychological skills are an important tool for pain management. For that reason, a mindfulness intervention programme would be a useful tool for manage pain in this population.

Detailed Description

The study hypothesised that the Mindfulness Sports Performance Enhancement (MSPE) programme adapted for this population, was more effective than mindfulness-based relaxation training as a treatment for chronic pain and associated emotional disturbances in Para athletes with physical disabilities, and that it contributes more to modifying psychological variables that have been shown to be related to or have modulatory value in the experience of chronic pain.

Study Timeline

• Study Start: 2022-11-16
• Primary Completion: 2023-04-12
• Study Completion: 2023-05-17
• Study First Submitted: 2023-11-26
• Status Verified: 2023-12
• Study First Submitted QC: 2023-12-14
• Study First Posted: 2023-12-28
• Last Update Submitted: 2023-12-28
• Last Update Posted: 2024-01-03

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: COMPLETED
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 36

Inclusion Criteria

• Have a physical disability
• A minimum of 5 points on a Likert-type scale from 1 (no pain) to 10 (worst pain imaginable) at the time of recruitment
• Be at least 15 years of age
• Have been a competitive athlete (regional, national, world and/or Paralympic Games level) in any sport discipline.
• Have an official regional or Spanish Federation of Sports for People with Physical disabilities licence
• Be willing to participate in a mindfulness programme for pain management
• Sign an informed consent form.

Exclusion Criteria

• Not having at least one of the criteria mentioned as inclusion.

Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: PARALLEL

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Experimental group (MSPE programme group).	Experimental group (MSPE programme group).	Experimental (MSPE group). The experimental group received the Mindful Sport Performance Enhancement programme (MSPE), with some changes and adaptations taking into account the characteristics and needs of the Para-athletes and the overall aim of the study. Such as reducing the session time (2h), including staff and support material, extending the pre-session time (35-40 min), and incorporating the dynamics of emotions and Mindful Yoga into the floor of the MBSR programme \[2\].
Control group (relaxation group).	Control group (relaxation group).	Control group. Control group. Athletes with physical disabilities participating in the home were provided with a guide to body awareness-based relaxation training guidelines \[3\].

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Change in pain intensity (current pain) post intervention. [Time Frame: Baseline and at 6 weeks].[Safety Issue: No].	Month and a half.	The presence of pain intensity (current pain) will be measured on a visual analogue Likert-type rating scale from 1 (no pain) to 10 (worst pain imaginable) without and with sports practice. A higher score indicates greater intensity.
Change in pain frequency post intervention. [Time Frame: Baseline and at 6 weeks].[Safety Issue: No]	Month and a half.	The frequency with which Para-athletes experience pain will be assessed on a Likert-type scale from 1 (very infrequent) to 5 (very frequent).

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Secondary Outcome Measure. [Time Frame: Baseline and at 6 weeks].[Safety Issue: No]. Higher values reflect higher levels on the scale to be measured.	Month and a half.	Mindfulness: 2. Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS). The scale will assess the individual's ability to be attentive and aware of the present moment experience in everyday life. ID: 22344492.; Mental health variables: 3. Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scales (DASS-21). The scale will assess the presence and intensity of affective states of depression, anxiety, and stress. \[5\].; 4. Scales of Psychological Well-Being (SPWBP). The scale will assess the six dimensions postulated in the multidimensional model of psychological well-being. ID de PubMed: 17296089.; 5. Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS). The scale will assess satisfaction with life. \[7\].; Coping strategies: 6. Chronic Pain Acceptance Questionnaire (CPAQ). This questionnaire measures involvement in activities and openness to pain. ID: 21044544.; 7. Coping Strategies Questionnaire (CSQ). This questionnaire will assess the frequency with which the subject uses different pain coping strategies. ID: 15042468

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Sandra Constantino Murillo; 🇪🇸 Madrid, Spain