A Study in Moderate to Severe Rheumatoid Arthritis Participants

Phase 3

Completed

Conditions: Rheumatoid Arthritis

Interventions: Drug: Placebo
Drug: Baricitinib
Drug: cDMARD

Registration Number: NCT01721057

Lead Sponsor: Eli Lilly and Company

Brief Summary: The purpose of this study is to determine whether baricitinib 4 milligram (mg) once daily (QD) is superior to placebo in the treatment of participants with moderately to severely active Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) who have had inadequate response to or are intolerant to at least 1 conventional disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (cDMARD)(cDMARD-IR \[inadequate response\] participants) and who have not received a biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD).

Detailed Description: Not available

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status: COMPLETED

Sex: All

Target Recruitment: 684

Inclusion Criteria

Have a diagnosis of adult-onset Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) as defined by the American College of Rheumatology/ European League Against Rheumatism (ACR/EULAR) 2010 Criteria for the Classification of RA
Have moderately to severely active RA defined as the presence of at least 6/68 tender joints and at least 6/66 swollen joints
Have a C-reactive protein (CRP) or high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) measurement ≥ (greater than or equal to) 1.2 times the upper limit of normal (ULN)
Have had an insufficient response or are intolerant to conventional disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (cDMARDs) and either:
- Have had regular use of a cDMARD for at least the 12 weeks prior to study entry with a continuous, nonchanging dose for at least 8 weeks prior to study entry
- For participants not receiving a cDMARD at the time of entry, the investigator will document in the participant's history that the participant had failed, was unable to tolerate, or had a contraindication to treatment with a cDMARD

Exclusion Criteria

Are currently receiving corticosteroids at doses > (greater than)10 mg per day of prednisone (or equivalent) or have been receiving an unstable dosing regimen of corticosteroids within 2 weeks of study entry or within 6 weeks of planned randomization
Have started treatment with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or have been receiving an unstable dosing regimen of NSAIDs within 2 weeks of study entry or within 6 weeks of planned randomization
Are currently receiving concomitant treatment with methotrexate (MTX), hydroxychloroquine, and sulfasalazine or combination of any 3 cDMARDs
Have ever received any biologic DMARD
Have received interferon therapy within 4 weeks prior to study entry or are anticipated to require interferon therapy during the study
Have received any parenteral corticosteroid administered by intramuscular or intravenous (IV) injection within 2 weeks prior to study entry or within 6 weeks prior to planned randomization or are anticipated to require parenteral injection of corticosteroids during the study
Have had 3 or more joints injected with intraarticular corticosteroids or hyaluronic acid within 2 weeks prior to study entry or within 6 weeks prior to planned randomization
Have active fibromyalgia that, in the investigator's opinion, would make it difficult to appropriately assess RA activity for the purposes of this study
Have a diagnosis of any systemic inflammatory condition other than RA, such as, but not limited to juvenile chronic arthritis,spondyloarthropathy, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, psoriatic arthritis, active vasculitis or gout(participants with secondary Sjogren's syndrome are not excluded.)
Have a diagnosis of Felty's syndrome
Have had any major surgery within 8 weeks of study entry or will require major surgery during the study that, in the opinion of the investigator in consultation with Lilly or its designee, would pose an unacceptable risk to the participant
Have experienced any of the following within 12 weeks of study entry: myocardial infarction, unstable ischemic heart disease, stroke, or have New York Heart Association stage IV heart failure
Have a history or presence of cardiovascular, respiratory, hepatic, gastrointestinal, endocrine, hematological, neurological, or neuropsychiatric disorders or any other serious and/or unstable illness that, in the opinion of the investigator, could constitute a risk when taking investigational product or could interfere with the interpretation of data
Are largely or wholly incapacitated permitting little or no self care, such as, being bedridden or confined to a wheelchair
Have an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) based on the most recent available serum creatinine using the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) method of < (less than) 40 milliliter per minute per 1.73 m^2 (mL/min/1.73 m^2)
Have a history of chronic liver disease with the most recent available aspartate aminotransferase (AST) or alanine aminotransferase (ALT) >1.5 times the ULN or the most recent available total bilirubin >/=1.5 times the ULN
Have a history of, lymphoproliferative disease; or have signs or symptoms suggestive of possible lymphoproliferative disease, including lymphadenopathy or splenomegaly; or have active primary or recurrent malignant disease; or have been in remission from clinically significant malignancy for <5 years
Have been exposed to a live vaccine within 12 weeks prior to planned randomization or are expected to need/receive a live vaccine during the course of the study (with the exception of herpes zoster vaccination)
Have a current or recent clinically serious viral, bacterial, fungal, or parasitic infection
Have had symptomatic herpes zoster infection within 12 weeks prior to study entry
Have a history of disseminated/complicated herpes zoster (eg, multidermatomal involvement, ophthalmic zoster, central nervous system involvement, postherpetic neuralgia)
Are immunocompromised and, in the opinion of the investigator, are at an unacceptable risk for participating in the study
Have a history of active hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
Have screening laboratory test values, including thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), outside the reference range for the population or investigative site that, in the opinion of the investigator, pose an unacceptable risk for the participant's participation in the study
Have screening electrocardiogram (ECG) abnormalities that, in the opinion of the investigator or the sponsor, are clinically significant and indicate an unacceptable risk for the participant's participation in the study (eg, Fridericia's corrected QT interval >500 millisecond [msec] for men and >520 msec for women)
Have symptomatic herpes simplex at the time of study enrollment
Have evidence of active or latent tuberculosis (TB)

Study & Design

Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL

Study Design: PARALLEL

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Placebo	Placebo	Placebo administered orally once daily through Week 24. Starting at Week 16, participants who are nonresponders will be rescued with baricitinib 4 milligram (mg) orally once daily through Week 24. Participants will continue to take background conventional disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (cDMARD) therapy throughout study.
Placebo	cDMARD	Placebo administered orally once daily through Week 24. Starting at Week 16, participants who are nonresponders will be rescued with baricitinib 4 milligram (mg) orally once daily through Week 24. Participants will continue to take background conventional disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (cDMARD) therapy throughout study.
Baricitinib 2 mg	cDMARD	Baricitinib 2 mg administered orally once daily through Week 24. Starting at Week 16, participants who are nonresponders will be rescued with baricitinib 4 mg orally once daily through Week 24. Participants will continue to take background cDMARD therapy throughout study.
Baricitinib 4 mg	Baricitinib	Baricitinib 4 mg administered orally once daily through Week 24. Starting at Week 16, participants who are nonresponders will be rescued with baricitinib 4 mg orally daily through Week 24. Participants will continue to take background cDMARD therapy throughout study.
Baricitinib 4 mg	cDMARD	Baricitinib 4 mg administered orally once daily through Week 24. Starting at Week 16, participants who are nonresponders will be rescued with baricitinib 4 mg orally daily through Week 24. Participants will continue to take background cDMARD therapy throughout study.
Baricitinib 2 mg	Baricitinib	Baricitinib 2 mg administered orally once daily through Week 24. Starting at Week 16, participants who are nonresponders will be rescued with baricitinib 4 mg orally once daily through Week 24. Participants will continue to take background cDMARD therapy throughout study.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Percentage of Participants Achieving American College of Rheumatology 20% Improvement (ACR20)	Week 12	ACR20 Responder Index is a composite of clinical, laboratory, and functional measures in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). "ACR20 Responder" is a participant who has at least 20% improvement in both tender and swollen joint counts and in at least 3 of the following 5 criteria: Physician's Global Assessment of Disease Activity, Patient's Global Assessment of Disease Activity using visual analog scale (VAS), Health Assessment Questionnaire - Disability Index (HAQ-DI), pain due to arthritis, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP). Participants with missing responses and participants who discontinue study or drug or are rescued before analysis timepoint are deemed non-responders.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Change From Baseline in the Health Assessment Questionnaire-Disability Index (HAQ-DI) Score	Baseline, Week 12	The HAQ-DI questionnaire assesses the participant's self-perception on the degree of difficulty (0 \[without any difficulty\], 1 \[with some difficulty\], 2 \[with much difficulty\], and 3 \[unable to do\])when dressing and grooming, arising, eating, walking, hygiene, reaching, gripping, and performing other daily activities. Scores for each functional area were averaged to calculate the HAQ-DI score, which ranged from 0 (no disability) to 3 (worst disability). A decrease in HAQ-DI score indicated an improvement in the participant's condition.
Change From Baseline in the Disease Activity Score Based on a 28-Joint Count and High-sensitivity C-reactive Protein (DAS28-hsCRP)	Baseline, Week 12	Disease Activity Score (DAS) modified to include 28 joint count (DAS28) consisted of composite score of following variables: tender joint count (TJC28), swollen joint count (SJC28), C-reactive protein (CRP) (milligrams per liter), and Patient's Global Assessment of Disease Activity using visual analog scale (VAS) (participant global VAS). DAS28 was calculated using following formula: DAS28-CRP=0.56\square root (sqrt)(TJC28)+0.28\sqrt(SJC28)+0.36\natural log(CRP+1)+0.014\Patient's Global VAS+0.96. Scores ranged 1.0-9.4, where lower scores indicated less disease activity.
Percentage of Participants Achieving Simplified Disease Activity Index (SDAI) ≤3.3	Week 12	SDAI is a tool for measurement of disease activity in RA that integrates TJC28, SJC28, acute phase response using C-reactive protein (milligrams per liter), Participant's Global Assessment of Disease Activity using VAS centimeters (cm), and Physician's Global Assessment of Disease Activity using VAS (cm). The SDAI is calculated by summing the values of the 5 components. Lower scores indicated less disease activity. An index-based definition of remission occurs with an SDAI score ≤3.3.
Mean Duration of Morning Joint Stiffness(MJS) in the Prior 7 Days as Collected in Electronic Daily Diaries	Week 12	Participants reported the duration of their morning joint stiffness (MJS) in hours and minutes into daily electronic diaries. If MJS duration was longer than 12 hours (720 minutes), it was truncated to 720 minutes for statistical presentations and analyses. The average value across the 7 days preceding each visit is calculated. A decrease in duration of MJS indicated an improvement in the participant's condition.
Mean Severity of Morning Joint Stiffness Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) in the Prior 7 Days as Collected in Electronic Diaries	Week 12	Participants rated the severity of their MJS by selecting a number from 0 to 10 that best described their overall level of MJS from the time they woke up, where 0 represents "no joint stiffness" and 10 represents "joint stiffness as bad as you can imagine". Participants reported their severity daily in electronic diaries. The average value across the 7 days preceding each visit is calculated. A decrease in severity rating indicated an improvement in the participant's condition.
Mean Worst Tiredness Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) in the Prior 7 Days as Collected in Electronic Diaries	Week 12	Participants rated their tiredness by selecting a number from 0 to 10 that best described their level of worst tiredness during the past 24 hours, where 0 represents "no tiredness" and 10 represents "as bad as you can imagine". Participants reported their worst tiredness in daily electronic diaries. The average value across the 7 days preceding each visit is calculated. A decrease in tiredness severity rating indicated an improvement in the participant's condition.
Mean Worst Joint Pain Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) in the Prior 7 Days as Collected in Electronic Diaries	Week 12	Participants rated their joint pain by selecting a number from 0 to 10 that best described their worst joint pain during the last 24 hours, where 0 represents "no pain" and 10 represents "pain as bad as you can imagine". Participants reported their worst joint pain in daily electronic diaries. The average value across the 7 days preceding each visit is calculated. A decrease in joint pain severity rating indicated an improvement in the participant's condition.
Percentage of Participants Achieving American College of Rheumatology 70% (ACR70) Response	Week 12, Week 24	ACR70 Responder Index is composite of clinical, laboratory, and functional measures in RA. "ACR70 Responder" is a participant who has at least 70% improvement in both tender and swollen joint counts and in at least 3 of the following 5 criteria: Physician Global Assessment of Disease Activity, Patient's Global Assessment of Disease Activity, HAQ-DI, pain due to arthritis, and hsCRP. Participants with missing responses and participants who discontinue study or drug or are rescued before analysis timepoint are deemed non-responders.
Percentage of Participants Achieving American College of Rheumatology 50% (ACR50) Response	Week 12, Week 24	ACR50 Responder Index is composite of clinical, laboratory, and functional measures in RA. "ACR50 Responder" is a participant who has at least 50% improvement in both tender and swollen joint counts and in at least 3 of the following 5 criteria: Physician Global Assessment of Disease Activity, Patient's Global Assessment of Disease Activity, HAQ-DI, pain due to arthritis, and hsCRP. Participants with missing responses and participants who discontinue study or drug or are rescued before analysis timepoint are deemed non-responders.
Change From Baseline in Measures of Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI) Score	Baseline, Week 24	• The CDAI is a tool for measurement of disease activity in RA that does not require a laboratory component and was scored by the investigative site. It integrates TJC28 (scored 0-28 with higher scores indicating higher disease activity), SJC28 (scored 0-28 with higher scores indicating higher disease activity), Patient's Global Assessment of Disease Activity (scored on a visual analogue scale from 0-10 cm with higher scores indicating higher disease activity), and Physician's Global Assessment of Disease Activity (scored on a visual analogue scale from 0-10 cm with higher scores indicating higher disease activity). The CDAI is calculated by summing the values of the 4 components. CDAI scores range from 0 to 76; lower scores indicated lower disease activity. A negative change from baseline indicates improvement in condition.
Percentage of Participants Achieving American College of Rheumatology European League Against Rheumatism (ACR/EULAR) Remission - Boolean Remission	Week 12	The ACR/EULAR definitions of RA remission includes a Boolean-based definition. The Boolean-based definition of remission occurs when all 4 of the following criteria are met at the same visit: TJC28 ≤1, SJC28 ≤1, acute phase response using C-reactive protein (milligrams per deciliter) ≤1, Patient's Global Assessment of Disease Activity using VAS (cm) ≤1.
Change From Baseline in Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy Fatigue (FACIT-F) Scores.	Baseline, Week 12; Baseline Week 24	The Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue (FACIT-F) Scale is a brief 13-item, symptom-specific questionnaire that specifically assesses the participant's self-reported severity of fatigue and its impact upon daily activities and functioning. The FACIT-F uses a numeric rating scale of 0 ("Not at all") to 4 ("Very much") for each item to assess fatigue and its impact in the past 7 days. Total scores range from 0 to 52, with higher scores indicating less fatigue.
Change From Baseline in Mental Component Score (MCS), Physical Component Score (PCS) of the Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short Form Health Survey Version 2 Acute (SF-36v2 Acute)	Baseline, Week 12; Baseline, Week 24	The SF-36 is a health-related survey that assesses participant's quality of life and consists of 36 questions covering 8 health domains: physical functioning, bodily pain, role limitations due to physical problems and emotional problems, general health, mental health, social functioning, vitality, and 2 component scores (mental \[MCS\] and physical \[PCS\]). MCS consisted of social functioning, vitality, mental health, and role-emotional scales. PCS consisted of physical functioning, bodily pain, role-physical, and general health scales. Each domain is scored by summing the individual items and transforming the scores into a 0 to 100 scale with higher scores indicating better health status or functioning.
Change From Baseline in European Quality of Life-5 Dimensions-5 Level (EQ-5D-5L) Scores	Baseline Week 12; Baseline Week 24	European Quality of Life-5 Dimensions-5 Level (EQ-5D-5L) is a standardized measure of health status of the participant. One component consists of a descriptive system of the respondent's health comprised of the following 5 participant-reported dimensions: mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression. Each dimension has 5 levels: no problems, slight problems, moderate problems, severe problems, and extreme problems. The responses are used to derive the health state index scores using the United Kingdom (UK) algorithm, with scores ranging from -0.594 to 1, and the United States (US) algorithm, with scores ranging from -0.109 to 1. A higher score indicates better health state.
Change From Baseline in Measures of Simplified Disease Activity Index (SDAI) Score	Baseline, Week 24	The SDAI is a tool for measurement of disease activity in RA that integrates TJC28, SJC28, acute phase response using C-reactive protein (milligrams per liter), Patient's Global Assessment of Disease Activity using visual analog scale (cm), and Physician's Global Assessment of Disease Activity using visual analog scale (cm). The SDAI is calculated by summing the values of the 5 components. Lower scores indicated less disease activity. The SDAI is expressed as a score on a scale with the minimum score=0 (best) to maximum score=86 (worst). A negative change from baseline indicates an improvement.
Change From Baseline in DAS28-Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (DAS28-ESR)	Baseline, Week 12	DAS28 consisted of composite score of following variables: tender joint count (TJC28), swollen joint count (SJC28), Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) (millimeters per hour), and Patient's Global Assessment of Disease Activity. DAS28 was calculated using following formula: DAS28-ESR=0.56\square root (sqrt)(TJC28)+0.28\sqrt(SJC28)+0.70\natural log(ESR)+0.014\Patient's Global VAS. Scores ranged 1.0-9.4, where lower scores indicated less disease activity.
Population Pharmacokinetics (PK): Maximum Concentration at Steady State of Dosing (Cmax,ss) of LY3009104	Week 0: 30 and 90 minutes postdose; Week 8: 1 hour postdose; Week 12, Week 20 and Week 24:predose
Population PK: Maximum Concentration at Steady State of Dosing (AUC,ss) of LY3009104	Week 0: 30 and 90 minutes postdose; Week 8: 1 hour postdose; Week 12, Week 20 and Week 24; predose
Change From Baseline in European Quality of Life-5 Dimensions-5 Level (EQ-5D-5L) Scores (Self-Perceived Health)	Baseline Week 12; Baseline Week 24	A second component of the EQ-5D-5L is a self-perceived health score which is assessed using a VAS that ranges from 0 to 100 millimeter (mm), where 0 indicates the worst health you can imagine and 100 indicates the best health you can imagine.
Change From Baseline in Work Productivity and Activity Impairment-Rheumatoid Arthritis (WPAI-RA) Scores	Baseline, Week 12; Baseline, Week 24	The Work Productivity and Activity Impairment-Rheumatoid Arthritis (WPAI-RA) questionnaire was developed to measure the effect of general health and symptom severity on work productivity and regular activities in the 7 days prior to the visit. It contains 6 items covering overall work productivity (health), overall work productivity (symptom), impairment of regular activities (health), and impairment of regular activities (symptom). Scores are calculated as impairment percentages. The WPAI-RA yields four types of scores: Absenteeism (work time missed), Presenteeism (impairment at work), Work productivity loss (overall work impairment), and Activity impairment.

Trial Locations

Locations (1): For additional information regarding investigative sites for this trial, contact 1-877-CTLILLY (1-877-285-4559, 1-317-615-4559) Mon - Fri from 9 AM to 5 PM Eastern Time (UTC/GMT - 5 hours, EST), or speak with your personal physician.
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North Shields, Tyneside, United Kingdom