Resistant Starch and Whey Protein on Energy Metabolism

Not Applicable

Completed

• Conditions: Weight Loss
• Interventions: Other: Resistant Starch; Other: waxy maize starch; Other: waxy maize starch and Whey Protein; Other: resistant starch and whey protein

• Registration Number: NCT02418429
• Lead Sponsor: Skidmore College

Brief Summary

Recent evidence shows that dietary supplementation with resistant starch (RS) increases fat catabolism and resting energy expenditure and decreases plasma insulin and glucose responses as well as the gut-derived hormone, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP). Consumption of whey protein has also been shown to increase energy expenditure and favorably affect gut hormones. Thus, investigators tested consumption of both RS and whey protein on energy expenditure and gut hormones in lean and obese women and men.

Detailed Description

Consumed separately, resistant starch (RS) and whey protein (WP) favorably affect energy metabolism and gut hormones, as well as suppress feelings of hunger. These findings are important because release of certain gut hormones (i.e., GIP) is associated with a lower resting energy expenditure (REE) in healthy humans. Interestingly, a recent study showed that ingestion of RS reduces postprandial GIP and increases postprandial REE and fat utilization in healthy men and therefore may be an effective strategy in weight management. Thus, there is a need to replicate these findings in a healthy cohort of lean and obese women and men.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of RS on the number of calories burned after eating a meal, as well as specific hormones that are released from the stomach and intestines following meal ingestion in healthy lean and obese women and men. Investigators used a single ingestion of a meal supplemented with or without the resistant starch and whey protein.

Study Timeline

• Study Start: 2013-08
• Primary Completion: 2014-12
• Study First Submitted: 2015-04-07
• Study First Submitted QC: 2015-04-12
• Study First Posted: 2015-04-16
• Study Completion: 2018-08
• Status Verified: 2018-09
• Last Update Submitted: 2018-09-05
• Last Update Posted: 2018-09-06

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: COMPLETED
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 32

Inclusion Criteria

• overweight or lean but otherwise healthy

Exclusion Criteria

• Participants will be excluded if they smoke; have experienced excessive weight loss/gain of > ±2kg in the previous 2 months; are currently taking medications for cardiovascular or metabolic disease.

Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: SINGLE_GROUP

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
resistant starch	Resistant Starch	pancake test meal - resistant starch
resistant starch and whey protein	Resistant Starch	pancake test meal - resistant starch and whey protein
waxy maize starch and whey protein	waxy maize starch and Whey Protein	pancake test meal - waxy maize starch and whey protein
waxy maize starch	waxy maize starch	pancake test meal - waxy maize starch
waxy maize starch and whey protein	waxy maize starch	pancake test meal - waxy maize starch and whey protein
resistant starch and whey protein	resistant starch and whey protein	pancake test meal - resistant starch and whey protein

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Change in fat oxidation from Baseline to 180 Minutes Postprandial	time 0, 60, 120, 180 minutes	indirect calorimetry of fuel utilization

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Change in self-reported feelings of hunger, fullness, satiation from Baseline to 180 Minutes Postprandial	time 0, 60, 120, 180 minutes	visual analog scale of hunger, fullness and satiation
Change in gut hormones from Baseline to 180 Minutes Postprandial	time 0, 60, 120, 180 minutes	gastro-entero-pancreatic hormones