The Preoperative Predictors of Optimal Cytoreductive Surgery in Women With Advanced Epithelial Ovarian Cancer

Each patient was subjected to comprehensive medical history taking and careful clinical examination, laboratory investigations (CA-125) and imaging (abdomino-pelvic CT scan). Patients with suspected bowel involvement were subjected for colonoscopy.

Pre-operative Abdomino-pelvic CT scans:

Preoperative CT scans were performed with a high-speed scanner after the oral and intravenous administration of contrast medium. The hard copy images were reviewed by consultant radiologists for assessment of the findings suggestive of malignant adnexal mass which are bilateral lesions, thick septa, enhancing solid components, ascites, and peritoneal deposits .

Pre-operative staging of cancer ovary was assessed by CT scan based on FIGO classification:

1. Stage II: tumor involving ovaries with pelvic extension +/- ascites.
2. Stage III: tumor involving ovaries with peritoneal implant outside pelvis +/- ascites.
3. Stage IV: tumor involving ovaries with parenchymal liver metastasis and/or pleural effusion.