Evaluation of the Effect of Thymoquinone Hydrogel With Bone Graft in Comparison to Bone Graft Only Around Immediate Implant (Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials)

Immediate dental implant placement has gained popularity for replacing extracted teeth due to its advantages, including shorter treatment time, better preservation of alveolar bone volume, and enhanced aesthetic outcomes. However, the success of immediate implants largely relies on achieving optimal osseointegration, defined as the direct structural and functional bond between living bone and the surface of a load-bearing implant. Factors such as implant surface properties, surgical techniques, and patient-specific variables, including bone quality, influence this process.

Extensive research has aimed to enhance bone-to-implant contact (BIC), a key factor for successful osseointegration. Strategies include modifying implant surface morphology and applying bioactive agents, both intended to improve BIC and support long-term implant integration.

Many preclinical and clinical studies have documented the regeneration of horizontal gaps smaller than 2 mm in the presence of a stable blood clot but when the peri-implant gap distance was more than 2mm the bone graft should be used to seal this bony defect.

Herbal medicine has gained researchers' attention for the treatment of oral and periodontal diseases due to its beneficial, safer, integrated effects, reduced cost an minimal side effects.Nigella sativa (NS) is known as "black seed", a flower in plant that grows in Middle East, some Asian and Mediterranean countries.

Thymoquinone (TQ) is one of the main bioactive components of NS, it has valuable therapeutic effect because of its anti-oxidant, antimicrobial, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antihypertensive, anti-histaminic, hypoglycemic, hepatoprotective, anticarcinogenic, and immune-activating properties. Considering the anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and antioxidant characteristics of TQ, it may play a significant role in preventing the initiation, progression and treatment of periodontal diseases.