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Evaluating the Potential of the Diet as Disease Modifier in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (JERN_ALS)

Completed
Conditions
Disorder of Fatty Acid Metabolism
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Dietary Habits
Registration Number
NCT02572479
Lead Sponsor
University of Jena
Brief Summary

The proposed observational trial will collect substantial data concerning dietary intake documented by ALS patients complemented by the analysis of fatty acid distribution in erythrocyte lipids. Both data sets are related to disease status and progress.

Detailed Description

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a currently incurable, multifactorial motor neuron disease characterized by upper and lower motor neuron degeneration, skeletal muscle atrophy, paralysis, and death. Multiple mechanisms caused by genetic and environmental factors proposed as responsible for ALS pathogenesis include decreased availability to neurotrophic factors, disturbances in calcium metabolism, increased neuroinflammatory status, cytoskeletal changes, mitochondrial dysfunction, dysfunction of protein degradation, glutamate excitotoxicity, apoptosis and oxidative stress.

Currently, the only available drug to treat ALS is riluzole which slightly prolongs life. Nutritional management has become more important in the treatment of ALS because body mass index and nutritional status seems to be independent, prognostic factors for survival and disease complications. Malnutrition is common in ALS, so caloric supplementation is essential. Additionally, many ALS patients self-medicate with vitamins, herbs, and other dietary supplements.

The objective of the current project is establishing the link between nutritional intake and disease status and progress. In detail, we like to assess if the improved outcomes are associated with specific nutrients, or simply the provision of excess calories. In this context, one of the most promising dietary candidates are polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and in particular the long-chain n-3 PUFA docosahexaenoic acid. This important structural component in neuronal membranes plays a role in neurogenesis and neuroprotection as well as exerts well-described anti-inflammatory effects in the brain.

The proposed observational trial will collect substantial data concerning dietary intake documented by ALS patients (Food Frequency Protocols, FFPs, periodic over 5 days) combined with the analysis of fatty acid distribution in erythrocyte lipids which reflects fatty acid distribution of the consumed fatty or oily foods (time period: approximately the last 2-3 months).

The fatty aids distribution in erythrocyte lipids as well as the nutrient intake calculated by FFPs are related to disease status and progress.

Thus, the current research activities focus on identification of dietary factors that are associated with disease progress or survival to develop beneficial interventions and therapy options.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
50
Inclusion Criteria
  • ALS patients diagnosed according to El Escorial / Awaji criteria for ALS
  • patients should have the ability to comprehend the full nature and purpose of the study, to cooperate with the investigator, to understand verbal and written instructions, and to comply with the requirements of the entire study.
Exclusion Criteria
  • patient's request or if patient compliance with the study protocol is doubtful

Study & Design

Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Study Design
Not specified
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Clinical neurological examinationthrough study completion, an average of 1 year

ALS functional rating scale-revised (ALSFRS-R)

- the parameter will be assessed every three months through study completion

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Fatty acid distribution in erythrocyte lipidsthrough study completion, an average of 1 year

* marker for the fatty acid distribution of the consumed fatty or oily foods

* reflect the fatty acid distribution of the consumed fatty or oily foods over the last 2-3 months as well as the endogenous metabolism and conversion of fatty acids

* the parameter will be assessed every six months through study completion

Nutrient intake by dietthrough study completion, an average of 1 year

Food Frequency Protocol (FFP) over 5 days before blood sampling (FFP originate from Prodi® 6.4 software; Nutri-Science GmbH, Freiburg, Germany).

Data analysis via Prodi®

* calculation food nutrient profiles originated from the 'Bundeslebensmittelschlüssel'

* calculation of daily energy intake, intake of fat and fatty acids, carbohydrates (individual sugars, dietary fibres), protein and amino acids, vitamins and minerals, sterols, etc.

* the parameter will be assessed every three months through study completion

Blood lipidsthrough study completion, an average of 1 year

Total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LCL-cholesterol, triacylglycerides

- the parameter will be assessed every six months through study completion

Inflammatory parameterthrough study completion, an average of 1 year

c-reactive protein

- the parameter will be assessed every six months through study completion

Metabolic serum parametersthrough study completion, an average of 1 year

glycated hemoglobin HbA1C

- the parameter will be assessed every six months through study completion

Clinical neurological examination, part IIthrough study completion, an average of 1 year

EQ5D-5L (population based QoL questionnaire)

- the parameter will be assessed every six months through study completion

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Jena University Hospital, Hans Berger Department of Neurology

🇩🇪

Jena, Thuringia, Germany

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