Impact of Pre-Ablation Prehabilitation on Clinical Outcomes and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Background The comprehensive management of atrial fibrillation (AF) has evolved from mere rhythm control to improving patients' symptoms, functional status, and long-term prognosis. While catheter ablation effectively restores sinus rhythm, a significant clinical paradox exists: many patients fail to achieve ideal recovery in objective cardiorespiratory function and subjective quality of life even after technically successful procedures. This gap between "technical success" and "functional recovery" reveals major deficiencies in the current fragmented, procedure-centric management model.

The core of this deficiency lies in the systematic neglect of patients' physiological and psychological reserves during the perioperative period. Studies show that up to 70% of AF patients experience kinesiophobia (fear of movement), which becomes exacerbated during the perioperative period and severely hinders patients' willingness and compliance to participate in rehabilitation. Meanwhile, the high incidence of atrial arrhythmic events during the three-month post-operative "blanking period" not only increases clinical management complexity but also indirectly affects patients' functional recovery through medication adjustments and activity restrictions. These factors together form a "physiological-psychological" vicious cycle that ultimately affects patients' long-term outcomes.

Study Objectives This study aims to evaluate whether a physician-supervised structured preoperative prehabilitation program can serve as an effective integrated strategy to simultaneously improve both hard clinical outcomes and objective functional indicators in AF ablation patients.

Specific objectives include:

To evaluate the improvement effect of prehabilitation on peak oxygen uptake at 3 months post-ablation To evaluate the preventive effect of prehabilitation on atrial arrhythmic events within 90 days post-ablation To evaluate the improvement effect of prehabilitation on patient-reported outcomes (including kinesiophobia, quality of life, etc.)