Examining the Generality of Laboratory-based Findings and Their Moderators Using Diverse Samples From the International Tobacco Control (ITC) Policy Evaluation Project Cohorts - Study 3a
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 入组人数
- 440
- 试验地点
- 2
- 主要终点
- Cigarette demand
研究概览
简要总结
This study will investigate the relative appeal (abuse liability) of novel tobacco products, how the appeal is modulated by relative price, user type, and how novel products may substitute for one another.
详细描述
An important aim of tobacco control is to reduce demand for the most harmful products. Therefore, a priori knowledge of substitutability across novel and widely used tobacco products may forecast the impact of policies on product switching. This study will use a novel method, the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace (ETM), to characterize the relative substitutability and appeal (abuse liability) of tobacco products (e.g., conventional cigarettes, nicotine vaping products [NVP], heated tobacco products [HTP], and nicotine pouch products [NPP]), and how the appeal is modulated by relative price, user type, and regulatory environment. Exclusive cigarette smokers and dual cigarette/NVP users, stratified by age, will complete multiple scenarios in the ETM.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Crossover
- 主要目的
- Basic Science
- 盲法
- None
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 21 Years 至 —（Adult, Older Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 否
入选标准
- •From CA, US, or EN
- •At least 21 years old
- •Smoking daily
- •Smoking mostly or about equal amounts of factory-made cigarettes
- •Does not currently vape (for exclusive smokers only)
- •Vapes Daily (for dual users only)
排除标准
- •There will be no additional exclusion criteria for this study.
研究组 & 干预措施
Dual cigarette/ nicotine vaping product users
Dual cigarette and nicotine vaping product users will be recruited and will be exposed to all of the conditions described in the intervention section.
干预措施: All nicotine/ tobacco products at market price (Other)
Exclusive cigarette smokers
Exclusive cigarette smokers will be recruited and will be exposed to all of the conditions described in the intervention section.
干预措施: All nicotine/ tobacco products at market price (Other)
Exclusive cigarette smokers
Exclusive cigarette smokers will be recruited and will be exposed to all of the conditions described in the intervention section.
干预措施: Nicotine vaping products at 1/2 market price (Other)
Exclusive cigarette smokers
Exclusive cigarette smokers will be recruited and will be exposed to all of the conditions described in the intervention section.
干预措施: Heated tobacco products at 1/2 market price. (Other)
Exclusive cigarette smokers
Exclusive cigarette smokers will be recruited and will be exposed to all of the conditions described in the intervention section.
干预措施: Nicotine pouch products at 1/2 market price. (Other)
Dual cigarette/ nicotine vaping product users
Dual cigarette and nicotine vaping product users will be recruited and will be exposed to all of the conditions described in the intervention section.
干预措施: Nicotine vaping products at 1/2 market price (Other)
Dual cigarette/ nicotine vaping product users
Dual cigarette and nicotine vaping product users will be recruited and will be exposed to all of the conditions described in the intervention section.
干预措施: Heated tobacco products at 1/2 market price. (Other)
Dual cigarette/ nicotine vaping product users
Dual cigarette and nicotine vaping product users will be recruited and will be exposed to all of the conditions described in the intervention section.
干预措施: Nicotine pouch products at 1/2 market price. (Other)
结局指标
主要结局
Cigarette demand
时间窗: 1 day
Participants will complete purchasing trials in an Experimental Tobacco Marketplace (ETM) with cigarettes increasing in price. Other product prices in the ETM will depend on the experimental condition. The degree to which other nicotine/tobacco products substitute for conventional cigarettes as a function of novel product (e.g. nicotine vaping products, heated tobacco products, nicotine pouch products) prices will be assessed. To obtain dependent measures of demand, participants' purchasing of the price-manipulated commodity in the ETM task will be fit to a modified exponential equation to quantify the relationship between the price of each commodity and purchasing: Q=Q0\*10k(exp(-αQ0C)-1) where Q is purchasing of the commodity, C is the price, Q0 is the derived initial purchasing without cost constraints (demand intensity), k is the span of the function in logarithmic units, and α is the demand elasticity.
Nicotine/tobacco products substitution
时间窗: 1 day
Participants will complete purchasing trials in an Experimental Tobacco Marketplace (ETM) with cigarettes increasing in price. Other product prices in the ETM will depend on the experimental condition. The degree to which other nicotine/tobacco products substitute for conventional cigarettes as a function of novel product (e.g. nicotine vaping products, heated tobacco products, nicotine pouch products) prices will be assessed. To obtain estimates of substitution of price-constant products in the different ETM conditions, the investigators will use ordinary least squares regression to model the relationship of the price-manipulated product to predict total quantity purchased of the price-constant product.
Proportion of Budget Spent - CIGARETTES
时间窗: 1 day
Participants completed purchasing trials in an Experimental Tobacco Marketplace (ETM) with cigarettes increasing in price. Other product prices in the ETM depend on the experimental condition. The degree to which other nicotine/tobacco products substitute for conventional cigarettes as a function of novel product (nicotine vaping products, heated tobacco products, nicotine pouch products) prices was assessed. Participants completed the ETM task under four within-subject conditions: Control: All products at market price NVP (Nicotine Vaping Products): E-cigarettes at 50% market price NPP (Nicotine Pouches): Nicotine pouches at 50% market price HTP (Heated Tobacco Products): HTPs at 50% market price Within each condition, cigarette prices ascended across 5 trials: Trial Cigarette Price Multiplier 1. 0.5x market price 2. 1.0x market price (reference) 3. 2.0x market price 4. 4.0x market price 5. 8.0x market price Proportion of the budget spent on cigarettes
次要结局
- Alternative Product Consumption - E-CIGARETTES(1 day)
- Alternative Product Consumption - HTP(1 day)
- Alternative Product Consumption - Nicotine Pouches(1 day)
- Alternative Product Consumption - Nicotine Replacement Therapy(1 day)
- Alternative Product Consumption - Oral Tobacco Products(1 day)
研究者
Roberta Freitas-Lemos
Professor
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University