The Effects of Exercise Snacks on Endothelial Function and Body Composition in Overweight Individuals
Overview
- Phase
- Not Applicable
- Status
- Not yet recruiting
- Sponsor
- Weifang Medical University
- Enrollment
- 60
- Primary Endpoint
- Flow-mediated dilation (FMD, relative percentage)
Overview
Brief Summary
This randomized controlled trial investigates the effects of two types of stair-climbing exercise snacks versus moderate-intensity continuous training on vascular health, body composition, and blood lipids in overweight or obese adults. Participants will be assigned to one of four groups for 6-8 weeks. The control group receives no exercise intervention. Primary outcomes include endothelial function (ultrasound), body composition (InBody), and lipid profile (blood test).
Detailed Description
This is a parallel group randomized controlled trial, with the study subjects being overweight or obese adults (with a body mass index of ≥ 24 kg/m²). Participants will be recruited from universities and randomly assigned to one of the following four groups:
Short-term stair climbing exercise group Participants climbed the stairs 4 to 5 times a day, each time ascending 5 floors (approximately 1 minute each time). There was at least a 1-hour interval between each exercise session, and the exercises were carried out during daily activities. They exercised 3 to 5 times a week for 6 to 8 weeks.
Long-term stair climbing nutrition supplementation group The participants also conducted 4 to 5 stair climbing training sessions every day. Each training session consisted of 3 sets of climbing 5 floors (the total climbing height for each training session was 15 floors), with a rest period of no more than 1 minute between each set. The interval between two training sessions was no less than 1 hour. They exercised 3 to 5 times a week for 6 to 8 weeks.
Moderate-intensity continuous training group (MICT) Participants engaged in 30-minute moderate-intensity running (including warm-up and cool-down activities) each time, 3 to 5 times a week, for 6 to 8 weeks.
Control group Participants maintained their daily activities and did not receive any exercise intervention measures.
Result measurement indicators:
Vascular health: Assessing endothelial function through ultrasound measurement of flow-mediated vascular dilation (FMD).
Body composition: Measured using the InBody body bioelectrical impedance analyzer (including muscle mass, fat mass and body fat percentage).
Blood lipid test: Collect fasting blood samples and measure low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), triglycerides (TG), and total cholesterol (TC).
Measurement time points: Measurements were conducted at the baseline (at the beginning of the study), 3-4 weeks (during the intervention period), and 8 weeks (after the intervention ended).
This research protocol has been approved by the Institutional Review Board of Shandong Second Medical University. All participants are required to sign a written informed consent form.
Study Design
- Study Type
- Interventional
- Allocation
- Randomized
- Intervention Model
- Parallel
- Primary Purpose
- Prevention
- Masking
- Single (Outcomes Assessor)
Masking Description
Due to the particularity of the exercise intervention, it is not possible to blind the participants and the exercise instructors. However, it is feasible to blind the outcome assessors.
Eligibility Criteria
- Ages
- 18 Years to 35 Years (Adult)
- Sex
- All
- Accepts Healthy Volunteers
- No
Inclusion Criteria
- •Age: 18-35 years old (male, female);
- •Clear consciousness, stable vital signs;
- •Able to understand and follow simple instructions;
- •No regular exercise for at least 3 months;
- •BMI ≥ 24 kg/m2.
Exclusion Criteria
- •There are other serious diseases, such as tumors;
- •There are other neurological diseases;
- •There are serious diseases that simultaneously affect the heart, liver, kidneys, endocrine system or hematopoietic system;
- •There is a history of alcohol or drug abuse;
- •Participated in other clinical trials that might affect the results of this study;
- •There are other neurological or musculoskeletal diseases, with pain worsening with exercise;
- •It is forbidden to engage in physical training.
- •Within the past 3 months, there have been acute cardiovascular events such as acute myocardial infarction,unstable angina pectoris, severe arrhythmia, acute heart failure, etc.；
- •Uncontrolled hypertension；
- •Severe pulmonary diseases, such as uncontrolled asthma, acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, interstitial lung disease with significant exercise limitation；
Arms & Interventions
Short-term stair climbing exercise snack group
Participants perform short climbs of the stairs 4 to 5 times a day. Each climb involves going up 5 floors (approximately 1 minute), and there is a minimum interval of at least 1 hour between each climb.
Intervention: Short-term stair climbing exercise snack group (Behavioral)
Long-duration stair climbing exercise snack group
Participants climbed the ladder 4 to 5 times a day. Each climb consisted of 2 to 3 sets (each set involved climbing 5 floors, with a rest period of no more than 1 minute between sets), and the total number of floors climbed in a single session was 10 or 15.
Intervention: Long-duration stair climbing exercise snack group (Behavioral)
Moderate-intensity continuous exercise
The participants engaged in moderate-intensity running training for 3 to 5 days per week, with each session lasting for 30 minutes.
Intervention: Moderate-intensity continuous exercise（MICT） (Behavioral)
control group
The participants did not undergo any form of exercise intervention and maintained their usual activity patterns.
Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Flow-mediated dilation (FMD, relative percentage)
Time Frame: Measured at baseline, mid-intervention (approximately 3-4 weeks), and post-intervention (after 6-8 weeks).
Flow-mediated dilation expressed as a percentage of the baseline brachial artery diameter.Unit of Measure: %
Body fat mass
Time Frame: Measured at baseline, mid-intervention (approximately 3-4 weeks), and post-intervention (after 6-8 weeks).
Body fat mass measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis (InBody device). Unit of Measure: kg
Time to peak dilation
Time Frame: Measured at baseline, mid-intervention (approximately 3-4 weeks), and post-intervention (after 6-8 weeks).
Time required to reach maximal dilation after cuff deflation.Unit of Measure: seconds
Basal brachial artery diameter
Time Frame: Measured at baseline, mid-intervention (approximately 3-4 weeks), and post-intervention (after 6-8 weeks).
Baseline diameter of the brachial artery before cuff inflation.Unit of Measure: mm
Peak brachial artery diameter
Time Frame: Measured at baseline, mid-intervention (approximately 3-4 weeks), and post-intervention (after 6-8 weeks).
Maximal diameter of the brachial artery after reactive hyperemia.Unit of Measure: mm
Absolute flow-mediated dilation (FMDabs)
Time Frame: Measured at baseline, mid-intervention (approximately 3-4 weeks), and post-intervention (after 6-8 weeks).
Absolute change in diameter, calculated as peak diameter minus basal diameter.Unit of Measure: mm
Standardized FMD
Time Frame: Measured at baseline, mid-intervention (approximately 3-4 weeks), and post-intervention (after 6-8 weeks).
Flow-mediated dilation adjusted for relevant covariates (e.g., shear stress, baseline diameter) according to standard protocols.Unit of Measure: %
Body weight
Time Frame: Measured at baseline, mid-intervention (approximately 3-4 weeks), and post-intervention (after 6-8 weeks).
Body weight measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis (InBody device).Unit of Measure: kg
Body fat percentage
Time Frame: Measured at baseline, mid-intervention (approximately 3-4 weeks), and post-intervention (after 6-8 weeks).
Body fat percentage measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis (InBody device).Unit of Measure: %
Body mass index (BMI)
Time Frame: Measured at baseline, mid-intervention (approximately 3-4 weeks), and post-intervention (after 6-8 weeks).
Body mass index calculated from weight and height measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis (InBody device).Unit of Measure: kg/m²
Basal metabolic rate (BMR)
Time Frame: Measured at baseline, mid-intervention (approximately 3-4 weeks), and post-intervention (after 6-8 weeks).
Basal metabolic rate estimated by bioelectrical impedance analysis (InBody device).Unit of Measure: kcal
Waist circumference
Time Frame: Measured at baseline, mid-intervention (approximately 3-4 weeks), and post-intervention (after 6-8 weeks).
Waist circumference measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis (InBody device).Unit of Measure: cm
Visceral fat area
Time Frame: Measured at baseline, mid-intervention (approximately 3-4 weeks), and post-intervention (after 6-8 weeks).
Visceral fat area measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis (InBody device). Unit of Measure: cm²
Skeletal muscle mass
Time Frame: Measured at baseline, mid-intervention (approximately 3-4 weeks), and post-intervention (after 6-8 weeks).
Skeletal muscle mass measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis (InBody device).Unit of Measure: kg
Secondary Outcomes
- Systolic blood pressure (SBP)(Measured at baseline, mid-intervention (approximately 3-4 weeks), and post-intervention (after 6-8 weeks).)
- Serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol concentration(Measured at baseline and post-intervention (after 6-8 weeks).)
- Diastolic blood pressure (DBP)(Measured at baseline, mid-intervention (approximately 3-4 weeks), and post-intervention (after 6-8 weeks).)
- Heart rate(Measured at baseline, mid-intervention (approximately 3-4 weeks), and post-intervention (after 6-8 weeks).)
- Serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol concentration(Measured at baseline and post-intervention (after 6-8 weeks).)
- Serum total cholesterol concentration(Measured at baseline and post-intervention (after 6-8 weeks).)
- HDL/LDL cholesterol ratio(Measured at baseline and post-intervention (after 6-8 weeks).)
- Serum triglyceride concentration(Measured at baseline and post-intervention (after 6-8 weeks).)