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Shifting Away From Pain: a Neurocognitive Approach in Treatment of Whiplash

Not Applicable
Completed
Conditions
Whiplash Injuries
Interventions
Behavioral: Modern pain neuroscience approach
Behavioral: Usual care physiotherapy
Registration Number
NCT04077619
Lead Sponsor
University Ghent
Brief Summary

The broad aim of this study is to investigate the effect of a modern neuroscience approach, which combines education on pain neuroscience with cognition-targeted exercise therapy and stress management, on brain structure and networks in patients with chronic whiplash-associated disorders (CWAD) in comparison to a control physiotherapy treatment.

Detailed Description

This project runs in parallel to a larger randomized-controlled trial (RCT) in which the 'modern neuroscience approach to WAD' is compared to usual care evidence-based physiotherapy (clinical trial registration number: NCT03239938). For the current study, additional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measures will be taken in a subsample of patients, who will be recruited from this larger RCT. In addition, a pain-free age- and sex-matched control group will be recruited for comparison.

The current study consists of 2 MRI measurements that will take place at the University Hospital of Ghent (UZ Gent): baseline (pre-treatment) and follow-up (post-treatment; approximately 16 weeks after baseline). After pre-treatment assessment, the patients will be randomly allocated to the modern neuroscience approach or usual care physiotherapy, as part of the RCT.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
95
Inclusion Criteria
  • Experienced a whiplash trauma which is at least 3 months old and causes pain since at least 3 months, with pain experience with a mean pain frequency of 3 or more days per week, and with self-reported moderate to severe pain-related disability, established by a score of 15 or more of a maximum of 50 on the Neck Disability Index
  • Patients classified as WAD II or WAD III on the modified Quebec Task Force Scale
  • Native Dutch speaker
  • Not starting new treatments or medication and continuing their usual care 6 weeks prior to and during study participation (to obtain a steady state)
  • Refraining from consuming caffeine, alcohol and nicotine in the hour before the MRI scans (in both measurement times: before the start of the rehabilitation and after the end of the rehabilitation).
Exclusion Criteria
  • Neuropathic pain
  • Being pregnant or having given birth in the preceding year
  • Chronic fatigue syndrome
  • Fibromyalgia
  • Cardiovascular disorders
  • Epilepsy
  • Endocrinological disorders
  • Rheumatic disorders
  • Psychiatric disorders
  • History of neck surgery
  • Loss of consciousness during/after the whiplash trauma
  • MRI incompatible health condition (e.g., pacemaker, metal prosthetic devices)
  • Psychiatric condition and ongoing medication that would alter emotional or sensory processing
  • Claustrophobia.

Healthy volunteers: (matched for age and gender). Additional exclusion criteria include for healthy volunteers

  • a history of a chronic pain syndrome
  • a pain condition in the last six months for which treatment was sought

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Modern pain neuroscience approachModern pain neuroscience approachBehavioral: Modern pain neuroscience approach
Usual care evidence-based physiotherapyUsual care physiotherapyBehavioral: Usual care evidence-based physiotherapy
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) signal (functional MRI) during picture imagination task and during resting stateBaseline (pre-treatment) assessment and follow-up assessment after 16 weeks of therapy (end of treatment).

change between baseline assessment and the follow-up assessment after 16 weeks (after end of treatment) will be examined

structural MRI measures (i.e., grey and white matter)Baseline (pre-treatment) assessment and follow-up assessment after 16 weeks of therapy (end of treatment).

change between baseline assessment and the follow-up assessment after 16 weeks (after end of treatment) will be examined

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Department of rehabilitation sciences (Ghent University)

🇧🇪

Ghent, Belgium

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