Chronic pain experience in adults with Down syndrome, with and without dementia, and the relationship with cognitive functioning. - Pain in adults with Down syndrome.

Vrije Universiteit0 个研究点目标入组 315 人开始时间: 待定最近更新: 2024年4月29日

适应症

试验速览

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•Control group:
•*aged 18 years or older
•*the group is matched with Down syndrome group on age and sex
•*speaking and understanding the Dutch language;Patient group:
•*Down syndrome
•*calendar age 18 years or older
•*speaking and understanding the Dutch language
•*indications of possible dementia (in half of the subjects; see §4.4 Sample size calculation)
•*estimated IQ 35 or higher
•*sufficient understanding of the tests for pain experience and the cognitive tests;We are interested in musculoskeletal disorders (e.g. arthrosis, hip abnormalities or degenerative cervical spine instability), but this is not a request. We are both interested in persons that report pain and in persons that do not complain about pain (especially that last group is relevant). Thus, a presumption of pain is not a request.

•Control group:
•*diagnosis of intellectual disability
•*age < 18 years
•*diagnosis of dementia
•*use of anticonvulsants or antipsychotics
•*neurological conditions, e.g. tumors, strokes, or infarctions
•*visual impairment to such a high degree that tests cannot be seen properly
•*hearing loss to such a high degree that questions cannot be heard properly and sign language is known insufficiently
•*major clinical psychopathology (e.g. major depression disorder);Pain medication and anti-inflammatory medication are not excluded, they will be statistically corrected. ;Patient group:
•*moderately severe or severe dementia
•*calendar age < 18 years
•*estimated IQ<35 and/or incapacity to perform neuropsychological and pain measures
•*use of anticonvulsants or antipsychotics
•*presence of neurological conditions (tumors, hemorrhages, infarctions)
•*visual impairment to such a high degree that tests cannot be seen properly
•*hearing loss to such a high degree that questions cannot be heard properly and sign language is known insufficiently;Preferably, we exclude in the clinical group subjects with hypothyroidism, epilepsy, or major clinical psychopathology (e.g. major depression disorder). A low frequency or absence of complaining about pain is not an exclusion criterion! Pain medication and anti-inflammatory medication are not excluded, they will be statistically corrected.

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