The Effect of the Online Watch-Summarize-Question-Ask Learning Method on Nursing Students' Knowledge, Skills, Attitudes, and Behaviors Regarding Patient Falls
Trial Snapshot
- Phase
- Not Applicable
- Status
- Not yet recruiting
- Sponsor
- Inonu University
- Enrollment
- 66
- Locations
- 1
- Primary Endpoint
- Participant Information Form
Study Overview
Brief Summary
This randomized controlled study will evaluate the effectiveness of an online Watch-Summarize-Question-Ask (WSQA) learning method on nursing students' knowledge, skills, attitudes, and behaviors related to patient fall prevention and management. Sixty-six nursing students will be randomly assigned to intervention and control groups. Both groups will receive standard patient safety education, while the intervention group will additionally participate in an online, evidence-based fall prevention training program structured according to the WSQA method, including video-based learning, summarization, question generation, and interactive discussions. Outcomes will be assessed using validated instruments measuring fall management knowledge, self-efficacy, attitudes toward fall prevention, care planning performance, and student satisfaction. The study aims to determine the effectiveness of an innovative educational approach to improve fall prevention competencies and enhance the quality and safety of nursing care.
Detailed Description
Objective The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of an online fall prevention training program, developed based on the Watch-Summarize-Question-Ask instructional strategy, on the knowledge, skills, attitudes, and behaviors of fourth-year undergraduate nursing students. This evaluation will be conducted using the four levels of the Kirkpatrick's Four-Level Evaluation Model, and it aims to comprehensively determine both the learning outcomes of the training and its reflection on clinical practice.
Type of Research This research will be conducted using a randomized controlled experimental design. Participants will be randomly assigned to two groups using the block randomization method.
Location and Time of the Study The study will be conducted at the Faculty of Nursing, İnönü University, between February and June 2026.
Participants/Sample The study population will consist of fourth-year undergraduate nursing participants enrolled in the Nursing Internship Course at the Faculty of Nursing, İnönü University, during the 2025-2026 academic year. Power analysis indicated a minimum sample size of 56 participants; however, considering potential attrition, a total of 66 participants will be recruited. Participants who meet the inclusion criteria will be assigned to the experimental and control groups using a block randomization method. Each group will include 33 participants (Experimental Group = 33; Control Group = 33).
Method / Intervention Participants in both groups will receive the standard patient safety education included in the undergraduate nursing curriculum. In addition, participants in the experimental group will receive an evidence-based fall prevention training delivered through an online learning model structured according to the Watch-Summarize-Question (WSQ) teaching strategy. The intervention will include video-based learning, structured summarization activities, question generation, and interactive online discussion sessions to reinforce learning and promote active participation. The control group will continue with the standard curriculum without receiving the WSQ-based training. Outcomes will be evaluated using validated measurement tools assessing knowledge, skills, attitudes, and behavioral outcomes related to fall management.
Study Design
- Study Type
- Interventional
- Allocation
- Randomized
- Intervention Model
- Parallel
- Primary Purpose
- Prevention
- Masking
- None
Eligibility Criteria
- Ages
- 18 Years to — (Adult, Older Adult)
- Sex
- All
- Accepts Healthy Volunteers
- No
Inclusion Criteria
- •Volunteers from the 4th year students of the Nursing Faculty at İnönü University
Exclusion Criteria
- •xclusion Criteria:
- •Graduates of high school, associate's degree, or bachelor's degree programs in a health-related field
- •Students who have enrolled in the 4th grade for the second time
- •Students who do not have the technical means to access the online education platform
- •Students who wish to withdraw from the research at any stage
- •Students who do not participate in the training sessions
- •Students who do not complete the data collection forms
Arms & Interventions
Experimental Group
Participants in the experimental arm will receive the standard patient safety education included in the undergraduate nursing curriculum through face-to-face instruction. In addition, they will participate in the Watch-Summarize-Question (WSQ)-based online fall prevention education. The WSQ program will include watching educational videos, summarizing course content, generating questions, participating in interactive online discussion sessions, and engaging in peer interaction through an online discussion forum.
Intervention: Online Watch Summarize Question Learning Model (Behavioral)
Control Group
Participants in the control arm will receive only the standard patient safety education included in the undergraduate nursing curriculum through face-to-face instruction and will not receive any additional educational intervention during the study period.
Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Participant Information Form
Time Frame: at baseline
Participants' demographic characteristics, educational background, and access to technological resources required for participation in online learning platforms.
Satisfaction with E-Learning Scale (Turkish version: E-Derslere Yönelik Memnuniyet Ölçeği)
Time Frame: Immediately after completion of the intervention
The scale developed by Kolburan Geçer and Deveci Topal aims to determine university students' satisfaction levels with the online courses they attend. The Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient of the scale was calculated as 0.97. The scale consists of 35 items and 5 subdimensions. The response options are designed as a five-point Likert-type scale scored between 1 and 5.
Falls Management Knowledge Test
Time Frame: At baseline and immediately after completion of the education program and at least 3 weeks after the training
This test will be developed by the researcher based on a literature review to assess participants' knowledge levels on falls management and to evaluate the effectiveness of the education on the patient safety knowledge subdimension
Scales for Assessing Self-Efficacy
Time Frame: At baseline and immediately after completion of the education program and at least 3 weeks after the training
The Cronbach's Alpha value of the scale developed by Dykes and colleagues and validated in Turkish by Ekin and Uğur was found to be 0.97, and it has no subscales. The scale consists of 11 items prepared on a 6-point Likert scale. In the evaluation of the scale, the item mean of the scores obtained from all items is used, and as the scores increase, the level of self-efficacy also increases.
Attitudes of Nurses Toward Falls Prevention Scale (Turkish version: Hemşirelerin Düşmelerin Önlenmesine Yönelik Tutumları Ölçeği)
Time Frame: At baseline and immediately after completion of the education program and at least 3 weeks after the training.
The Cronbach's Alpha reliability coefficient of the scale developed by Özbudak and Koç in 2023 was found to be 0.84. The scale consists of 19 items and 5 sub-dimensions. The scale's response options are designed as a five-point Likert scale scored on a 1-5 point range. The scale is evaluated based on the mean score.
Care Plan Evaluation Form
Time Frame: At baseline and at least 3 weeks after the training
A structured seven-item assessment form developed by the researchers will be used to determine the extent to which students reflect their knowledge and awareness of fall management in their care plans.
Secondary Outcomes
No secondary outcomes reported
Investigators
Zeliha CENGİZ
Associate Professor Dr. Zeliha CENGİZ, Head of the Department of Nursing Principles
Inonu University