CorMatrix ECM Study: To Identify Inflammatory Markers Following CABG With/Without ECM

Not Applicable

Terminated

Conditions: Coronary Artery Disease

Interventions: Device: CorMatrix extra cellular matrix (ECM)

Registration Number: NCT01535807

Lead Sponsor: Inova Health Care Services

Brief Summary: The objective of this study is to identify proteomic inflammatory biomarkers to determine if there are differences in the biomarkers in patients who are treated using the CorMatrix ECM implant to close the pericardium and the patients whose pericardium is left open (the current standard of care).

Detailed Description: The pericardium's main function is to secrete proteins that ensure proper functioning within the pericardial space and to maintain pericardial pressure. Once dissected the pericardium is usually left open at the end of surgery due to the difficulty in realigning the edges and to avoid adverse effects cause by an inflammatory response. The body's inflammatory response is one of protection and healing of an injury. However many of the inflammatory biomarkers released can cause adverse outcomes after cardiac surgery, including: renal failure, myocardial infarction, atrial fibrillation, stroke and death.

CorMatrix extra cellular matrix (ECM) Technology is a Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved unique extra cellular implant material used for pericardial closure and reconstruction. Pericardial reconstruction using porcine intestinal ECM is a novel application. ECM combines the innate attributes of nature with the precision of science to help the heart heal itself. It is an acellular biomaterial that does not encapsulate when surgically implanted, but is gradually remodeled, leaving behind organized and healthy tissue. The body's tissue begins remodeling at the surgical site while the ECM maintains the needed tissue support. When implanted, the ECM acts as a scaffold into which the patient's cells migrate and integrate, stimulating the patient's natural wound-healing mechanisms. As the patient's cells become active, they lay down their own collagen, which matures over time to form strong and permanent tissue repair without leaving behind permanent foreign material. Because the ECM contains primarily collagen, the device is gradually replaced as the patient's tissue gradually turns over in a natural state of self-renewal.

A retrospective study compared the incidence of post operative atrial fibrillation (POAF) in patients treated with the CorMatrix ECM for pericardial closure following isolated coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) versus patients not treated with the patch. The retrospective study comprised of 222 patients. 111 were treated with the CorMatrix ECM and the other 111 were not. Results showed POAF in 34 of 111 control patients but only 20 in 111 CorMatrix ECM treated patients, indicating a 54% decrease in the risk of POAF in the CorMatrix ECM treated patients. This study shows a statistically significant reduction in the risk of POAF in patients undergoing an isolated CABG with pericardial closure using the CorMatrix ECM.

This is an unblinded, randomized study to identify proteomic inflammatory biomarkers to determine if there are differences in the biomarkers in patients who are treated using the CorMatrix ECM implant to close the pericardium and the patients whose pericardium is left open (the current standard of care). The study will be located at the Inova Heart and Vascular Institute (IHVI). The CorMatrix ECM will be implanted during the CABG surgical procedure in the IHVI cardiovascular operating rooms (CVOR).

Sixty (60) patients who are routinely scheduled for a CABG will be recruited and randomly assigned to one of the two groups. There will be thirty (30) patients in each group. The control "No Intervention" group will not receive the CorMatrix ECM during surgery, leaving the pericardium open according to current standard of care. The treatment "Cormatrix" group will receive the CorMatrix ECM during surgery for the closure of the pericardium according to the specific recommended surgical technique.

Pericardial fluid and blood samples will be collected from all patients. Pericardial fluid and blood samples will undergo novel nanoparticle based biomarker discovery technology to harvest proteomic biomarkers at the George mason University. In addition, patients will have their cardiac rhythm continually assessed during their hospital stay and then at their follow up appointments with their surgeon and cardiologist to determine whether they developed POAF post discharge.

Both genders, greater than eighteen (18) years of age, will be included in the research. There are no enrollment restrictions based upon race or ethnic origin and it is expected their inclusion will be representative of the population undergoing CABG at IHVI. Pregnant women are excluded from the study.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status: TERMINATED

Sex: All

Target Recruitment: 44

Inclusion Criteria

Subject is ≥18 years of age
Subject must be selected as a candidate for isolated Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) procedure
Subject has a Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (LVEF) of ≥30%
Subject is able and willing to provide written informed consent and HIPAA authorization
Subject has a life expectancy of at least one year

Exclusion Criteria

Subject is scheduled for other concomitant surgical procedures (carotid surgery included)
Subject has a known hypersensitivity to porcine material
Subject has a religious or cultural objection to the use of blood or porcine products
Subject is scheduled for Off Pump Coronary Artery Bypass procedures (OPCAB)
Subject has a history of diagnosed treated or un-treated pre-operative atrial fibrillation or any other type of cardiac arrhythmia
Subject has a history of anti-arrhythmic drug treatment in the past six (6) months
Subject has an implantable cardiac device (e.g., pacemakers, implantable cardioverter defibrillators)
Subject has a history of an accessory pathway disorder (e.g., Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome)
Subject has a documented myocardial infarction (MI) within six (6) weeks prior to study enrollment
Subject needs emergent cardiac surgery (i.e., cardiogenic shock)
Subject requires intra-aortic balloon pump or intravenous inotropes
Subject has had an infection within six (6) weeks preceding surgery requiring antibiotic therapy
Subject is on pre-surgical immunosuppressive therapy (corticosteroids included)
Subject has chronic inflammatory disease (leukemia, lymphoma, arthritis, rheumatoid, lupus, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, hepatitis C, HIV)
Subject has had therapeutic radiation to the pericardium, either prior to surgery or expected during the three (3) week period following surgery
There is an inability to approximate the graft and pericardium edge along the entire extent of the defect
Subject is incarcerated
Subject is participating in concomitant research studies of investigational products (e.g., Appendage closure devices, septal defect patches)
Subject is unable to provide informed consent

Study & Design

Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL

Study Design: PARALLEL

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
CorMatrix Group	CorMatrix extra cellular matrix (ECM)	The treatment "Cormatrix" group will receive the CorMatrix ECM during surgery for the closure of the pericardium according to the specific recommended surgical technique.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Change in Inflammatory Cytokine Levels in Participant Sera From Pre-surgery Baseline to Day 3 Post-surgery.	Baseline and and Post-Op day 3	Percentage change in Inflammatory Cytokine Levels in serum derived from participant blood sample that underwent novel nanoparticle-based biomarker harvesting technology to capture and isolate global low molecular weight (LMW) proteome. Peptides from captured proteomes are detected with reversed-phase liquid chromatography/electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Inflammatory cytokines include Interleukin 6 (IL6), Interleukin 8 (IL8), Interleukin 2 Receptor (IL2R), Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF), and Lipopolysaccharide Binding Protein (LBP). The measure of their respective levels is defined here as the Spectral Count from LC-MS/MS analysis. Percentage change of Spectral Counts is the difference of Day 3 post-surgery and pre-surgical baseline relative to the pre-surgical baseline.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Occurrences of Post Operative Atrial Fibrillation (POAF)	Up to 30 days post surgery	Number of patients that were determined to have Post Operative Atrial Fibrillation by electrocardiograph within 30 days of surgery