Analysis of Student Confidence Levels and Application Success Rates in Simulator Based Dental Anesthesia Education

Ethical approval was obtained from the Ankara University Faculty of Dentistry Clinical Research Ethics Committee (Approval no: 14/16). The study was carried out in the dental anesthesia simulator laboratory and in the faculty clinics of Ankara University, Faculty of Dentistry within a 2-year period. During the first year of the study, the faculty did not have DAS availability. During this first year 30 intern dentists who had completed the third year of the 5-year undergraduate education program and who could not receive DAS training before their first anesthesia application on a patient, were recruited as a control group among consent to participate. During the second year of the study after DAS became available, 70 intern dentists who had completed the third year of the 5-year undergraduate education program and who had not applied local anesthesia to a patient, were recruited as a study group among consent to participate. The study group applied their first anesthesia application on a patient after DAS education.

For the study 10 conduction anesthesia models mounted on metal rods, (CAM SUG2005-UL-SP, Nissin Dental Products Kyoto, Japan, Figure.1), were provided. The part-task simulators had 11 anesthetic contact sensor points (7 in the upper jaw and 4 in the lower jaw) with 32 anatomically shaped teeth, audio signal and light signal indicators when correct position and angle was achieved. The models had clear pink upper and lower gingivae allowing view of injection, making it ideal for beginner intern dentists, while allowing a more realistic training experience.

Both groups attended theoretical presentations an interactive lesson about IANB from an oral and maxillofacial surgery professor. Technical information about DAS were also covered for the study group lessons. Following lessons, both groups answered a questionnaire concerning preparedness. Afterwards, intern dentists in the control group carried on with patient application whereas the study group carried on with DAS education before continuing on patients.

During DAS lessons the intern dentists applied IANB on simulators. The illumination of the light and sound indicator on the model as a result of injection to the pterygomandibular region was accepted as a successful application. The results of the first five IANB applications made by the intern dentists were recorded. Intern dentists who completed the DAS training completed a questionnaire.

After trainings, both groups applied IANB to a patient for the first time in the clinic and completed another questionnaire. The intraoperative and immediate postoperative complications were monitored. Tingling sensation on the lip and tongue, reported by the patient, was accepted as criteria for profound anesthesia. After achieving anesthesia, the questionnaire, was answered by the patient on whom the application was performed.