The Enhancement Effect of Low-Level Laser Therapy for Muscle Training with Combined Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation and Blood Flow Restriction

Blood flow restriction training (BFR) with neuromuscular stimulation (NMES) is employed for individuals with limited mobility and joint issues. However, this approach is highly susceptible to muscle fatigue, despite its potential beneficial effects on muscle strength. Recently, there has been growing interest in using low-level laser therapy (LLLT) to address muscle fatigue. LLLT, known for improving microcirculation and mitochondrial function, shows promise in alleviating enhanced muscle fatigue associated with combined BFR and NMES training. Despite these positive effects, there is limited knowledge about the short-term training impact of combined BFR and NMES with LLLT preconditioning. This project aims to investigate whether the photobiomodulation effects of LLLT could further enhance the training benefits of combined BFR and NMES. The study will employ an integrated analysis of decomposition surface EMG, EEG, and mechanomyogram to explore the behavior and neuromuscular mechanisms underlying the training benefits. If additional benefits are identified, LLLT pre-conditioning is recommended to enhance the use of combined BFR and NMES.