Sense2Stop:Mobile Sensor Data to Knowledge

Not Applicable

Completed

Interventions: Behavioral: Prompt to use smartphone apps for stress management

Brief Summary: The aim of this research is to build systems that can recognize when people are stressed and then provide them with relaxation prompts in the moment to reduce their likelihood of being stressed, smoking, or overeating in the near future. Using these systems should help smokers be more effective in their attempts to quit by reducing their tendency to lapse when they are stressed or experiencing other negative moods or behaviors.

Detailed Description: The purpose of this study is (1) to evaluate the feasibility of a just-in-time intervention to decrease stress in recently quit smokers; and (2) to examine whether a just-in-time adaptive intervention that decreases stress also reduces the near-term odds of a smoking lapse.

The primary hypothesis of this study is that the administration of a prompt to perform a relaxation exercise as compared to no prompt will lead to a lower likelihood of being stressed in the subsequent two hours, and that this effect will be stronger when the prompt is administered when the individual is stressed. The secondary hypothesis is that stress episodes will predict the timing of smoking lapses. The third hypothesis is that administration of a prompt to perform a relaxation exercise will reduce the odds of smoking for the next two hours, and that this effect will be stronger when the prompt is administered when the individual is stressed. The fourth (exploratory) hypothesis is that stress will predict the timing of overeating episodes.

These data will also be used for developing automated risk prediction of smoking relapse, and for developing decision rules for the timing of Just-In-Time-Adaptive Interventions (JITAIs).

Recruitment & Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria

Smokes 1+ cigarettes/day for past year
Willing to try to quit smoking for at least 48 hours during a 15-day quit trial
Will not use non-cigarette tobacco products or nicotine replacement therapy during the study period
Not taking or intending to take pharmacological smoking cessation aids (e.g., nicotine replacement, bupropion, venlafaxene) during the study period

Exclusion Criteria

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Within-participant micro-randomization	Prompt to use smartphone apps for stress management	Each minute when participant is available is randomly assigned to either intervention (to practice a stress management exercise) vs. no intervention prompt. When intervention occurs, participant's smartphone vibrates and relaxation app opens, prompting performance of a relaxation exercise.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Probability of being stressed.	2 hour window after each micro-randomized intervention vs. no intervention event during first 10 days after quitting smoking

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
First and all subsequent lapses in smoking cessation.	10 days
Overeating episodes	10 days

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