VR Gaming Based PNF on Spatiotemporal Parameters in Upper Limb Burned Patients

Not Applicable

Not yet recruiting

• Conditions: Burns

• Registration Number: NCT07183943
• Lead Sponsor: MTI University

Brief Summary

Burn injuries are among the most severe forms of trauma, often leading to significant physical and psychological challenges. The rehabilitation process for burn patients, particularly those with upper limb injuries, is complex due to the need for restoring functional movement and reducing scar contracture. Traditional rehabilitation methods focus on restoring range of motion, muscle strength, and coordination. However, these approaches can be limited in engaging patients and maintaining their motivation throughout the recovery process.

Detailed Description

Upper limb burn injury (ULBI) often leads to significant dysfunction . Severe pain, limited range of motion in the joint and kinesiophobia may affect upper limb functionality and activities of daily living in the acute term of injury . Increased pain and limitations in range of motion and function of the upper limb may cause deterioration in reciprocal arm swing which plays a substantial role in gait pattern by contributing to the co-ordination of the trunk, pelvis and leg movements, reducing energy expenditure and improving gait stability and balance.

Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) is a therapeutic exercise technique used to enhance both passive and active range of motion with the aim of improving neuromuscular control and coordination. By integrating PNF with innovative technologies such as Virtual Reality (VR) gaming systems, rehabilitation can be transformed into an engaging and immersive experience. VR provides a unique environment that can simulate real-life scenarios, offering a controlled yet dynamic setting that encourages active participation and motivation.

Study Timeline

• Status Verified: 2025-09
• Study First Submitted: 2025-09-08
• Study First Submitted QC: 2025-09-13
• Last Update Submitted: 2025-09-13
• Study First Posted: 2025-09-19
• Last Update Posted: 2025-09-19
• Study Start: 2026-01-01
• Primary Completion: 2026-04-01
• Study Completion: 2026-04-05

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: NOT_YET_RECRUITING
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 150

Inclusion Criteria

• Clinical diagnosis of unilateral upper extremity burn injury
• must be able to walk independently
• Agreeing to participate voluntarily in the study
• 18-65 years of age
• the ability to accurately express the level of pain that prevents cognitive, affective and verbal communication

Exclusion Criteria

• Walking with assist device
• Having a visual deficits
• Having an orthopedic problems that affect gait
• Having a neurological disorders
• Having a musculoskeletal disorders that affect gait
• Having an undergone orthopedic surgery

Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: PARALLEL

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Kinesiophobia	at baseline and at 12 weeks	the Arabic version of the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK) was used. The TSK is rated on a 4-point Likert scale ranging from 17 to 68, with higher scores indicating a high level of kinesiophobia . The TSK has been shown to be a reliable tool for the measurement of kinesiophobia in patients with (upper limb burn injury) ULBI.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Gait Analysis	at baseline and at 12 weeks	The GAITRite (CIR System INC. Clifton, NJ, USA, 07012) electronic walkway was used to evaluate the spatio-temporal parameters during walking. Participants walked barefoot at self-selected pace. Gait analysis was started after a trial to allow the participants to become familiar with the test. Gait velocity, cadence and bilateral gait parameters of step length, stride length, percentage of stance and swing were used for analysis. In addition spatio-temporal parameters and plantar pressure distribution were analyzed during walking. The GAITRite system expresses the plantar pressure value as a percentage of the maximum pressure.
Arm swing	at baseline and at 12 weeks	The arm swing movements during walking were evaluated with free version of Kinovea 2D motion analysis software (Kinovea 0.8.15., GPLv2 license, 2019). It is a reliable method to analyze the upper extremity movements and gait analysis . For tracking the segments of the upper limbs during walking, sticker markers were placed in specific anatomical areas (left/right acromions, left/right medial and lateral epicondyles, and left/right distal radius and ulna landmarks) . The shoulder, elbow, and wrist joints were manually positioned within the Kinovea software to accurately map the participants' upper body movements. Based on the identified joint centers, the upper arm, lower arm, and full arm segments were determined. Detailed analyses were conducted to evaluate the shoulder angle (measured from the shoulder joint marker to the elbow joint marker), the elbow angle (measured from the elbow joint marker to the midpoint of the wrist joint marker).