A comparative study to evaluate the efficacy of Sarodaka, Kushodaka and Madhudaka as pathya in the management of Prameha vis-a-vis Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Prameha is defined as Prakarshena Prabhutam Prachuram varam varam va mehati mutratyagam karoti iti pramehah. It is a sleshmapradhana tridoshaja vyadhi which is caused due to santarpana. It is one of the ashta mahagada. Apathya is one of the main etiological factors of prameha. Anna panaand kriya vikruthi are responsible for the causation of the disease. The samanya lakshanas of prameha include prabhuta avila mutrataassociated withother lakshanas like gurugatrata alasya  hastapadatala daha kshuth pipasa adhikya sada etc. Further progression of prameha affects all the dasha dushyas including medas and shareeraja kledaand leads to upadrava. Therefore, considering apathya ahara and vihara as major causes for the disease manifestation and as Nidana parivarjanais one ofthe first lines of treatment told in Ayurveda, avoiding the same and indulging in pathya anna pana and vihara plays an important role in chikitsa.

The term Diabetes mellitus refers to a group of common metabolic disorders that share the phenotype of hyperglycemia. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by variable degrees of insulin resistance, impaired insulin secretion, and increased hepatic glucose production.

International Diabetes Atlas (IDF) (2021) reports that 10.5% of the adult population (20-79 yrs.) has diabetes. As per the Indian Council of Medical Research- India Diabetes study published in 2023 the prevalence of Diabetes is 10.1 crore. India is home to 77 million Diabetes which is the second highest in the world.

The American Diabetes Association uses the term Lifestyle Management to refer to aspects of Diabetic care Diabetes self-management education (DSME) and Diabetes self-management support (DSMS) Nutrition therapy and psychosocial care Pharmacological approaches include oral glucose-lowering agents, Insulin, and other agents that improve glucose control.

Even with the advancement of various drug therapies, still, the prevalence of the disease is increasing day by day.

Ahara is referred to as mahabheshaja. Since Prameha is considered to be a Yapya vyadhi pathya ahara sevana plays an important role in its management. Among various pathyas described Sarodaka Kushodaka and Madhudaka are explained in prameha chikitsa.  They have properties like tikta, kashaya rasa kaphapittahara medoghna and has a special reference in prameha chikitsa. Therefore this study aims to evaluate the effect of these as pathya in the management of Prameha.