Psychophysiological Effects of Birdsongs on Sadness: Compared With Music Between Depressed and Non-Depressed Participants
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 发起方
- 入组人数
- 89
- 试验地点
- 1
- 主要终点
- Self-Assessment Manikin (SAM)
研究概览
简要总结
The main goal of this study is to learn the psychophysiological effects of birdsongs on sadness. The main questions it aims to answer are:
- Can birdsongs alleviate sadness in a short term?
- Can birdsongs have greater impact on sadness than music?
- Can birdsongs alleviate sadness for both non-depressed and depressed participants?
Researchers will compare birdsongs to music (a active control) to see if birdsongs works to reduce sadness and also examined the psychophysiological effects of birdsongs in depressed and non-depressed participants.
Participants will:
go through the following stages: baseline, neutral control, 1st sadness induction, 1st intervention, calculation task, 2nd sadness induction, and 2nd intervention.
详细描述
During the baseline phase, participants were instructed to sit quietly and relax. For the neutral control, they viewed an informative video demonstrating the process of plastic injection molding. As for the sadness induction, they were presented with sad film clips from either Hachi: A Dog's Tale or My Brother and Sister. The order of the sad videos was randomized across participants. The intervention stages involved listening to either the cheerful Cuckoo Waltz music or a clip of birdsongs from laughing thrushes. The order of the interventions was randomized as well. The calculation task was employed as a distracter, enabling participants to return to a neutral state. Except for the computational task, the remaining six phases each had a duration of 6 minutes.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Non Randomized
- 干预模型
- Single Group
- 主要目的
- Supportive Care
- 盲法
- Single (Participant)
盲法说明
Participants were told that this experiment was to examine the different effects between video stimuli and audio stimuli.
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 18 Years 至 30 Years（Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •Aged 18-30 years
- •Right-handed
- •No recent illness or medication use
- •No history of neurological or psychiatric disorders
- •Normal or corrected-to-normal visual acuity (myopic participants wore glasses)
- •Normal hearing
排除标准
- •Incapable of giving written informed consent to this study
- •Acute high suicide risk at baseline assessment
- •Psychosis
结局指标
主要结局
Self-Assessment Manikin (SAM)
时间窗: Immediately after the baseline, immediately after the neutral control, immediately after each sadness induction, and immediately after each intervention.
The SAM scale is a brief and widely used tool for assessing emotional states. The scale is a nonverbal self-report measure of emotion, using a set of cartoon-like manikins. The manikins illustrate nine intensity levels for valence (1 = unpleasant; 9 = pleasant), arousal (1 = calm, 9 = excited), and dominance (1 = controlled; 9 = controlling).
Revision of Positive Affect and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS-R)
时间窗: Immediately after the baseline, immediately after the neutral control, immediately after each sadness induction, and immediately after each intervention.
The PANAS is another widely used scale to measure mood or emotion. The Chinese version of PANAS is comprised of 18 items, with 9 items measuring positive affect (e.g., joyful, inspired) and 9 items measuring negative affect (e.g., sad, fearful). Because participants were required to report their feelings repeatedly in this study, 18 items would be too long and tiresome. The 18 items plus \"calmness\" were used as 19 options for participants to choose. They needed to select one of the emotion words to tag their strongest emotion for the stage that they had just experienced. This revision of PANAS allowed us to capture the specific emotion type.
Mean of Normal-to-Normal Intervals (MeanNN)
时间窗: Throughout the whole experiment, an average of 6 minutes for each stage.
MeanNN refers to the average duration between consecutive normal heartbeats, also named inter-beat interval. A higher MeanNN indicates a lower heart rate.
Standard Deviation of Normal-to-Normal Intervals (SDNN)
时间窗: Throughout the whole experiment, an average of 6 minutes for each stage.
SDNN measures the overall variability of heart rate. Higher SDNN values indicate greater variability.
次要结局
未报告次要终点
研究者
Shulin Chen
Professor
Zhejiang University