Short (5 Days) Versus Long (14 Days) Duration of Antimicrobial Therapy for Acute Bacterial Sinusitis in Children

Not Applicable

Completed

Interventions: Drug: Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination
Drug: Placebo

Brief Summary: The investigators objective is to compare short course (5 days) to long course (14 days)antibiotics for the treatment of acute bacterial sinusitis in children. The investigators hypothesize that short course therapy will lead to more frequent relapses of sinusitis and will not reduce resistant organisms.

Detailed Description: This was a prospective, randomized, double-blind study comparing short course (5 days) to long course (14 days) antimicrobial therapy for children between 1 and 10 years of age with acute bacterial sinusitis. The major outcome measure is the proportion of children with a clinical relapse on day 10 in the short course therapy group compared to day 20 in the long course therapy group. In addition, the proportion of respiratory flora that are resistant to antibiotics on day 30 will be compared to baseline in each group.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria

children with nasal discharge (of any quality) or daytime cough (which may be worse at night) or both persisting for 10 days or more without evidence of improvement.
families need to be English speaking

Exclusion Criteria

used antibiotics within the last 15 days;
had symptoms for > 30 days;
have concurrent streptococcal pharyngitis or acute otitis media (as the standard doses for both of these conditions is 10 days);
are allergic to penicillin;
have symptoms that suggest a complication due to acute bacterial sinusitis that necessitates hospitalization, intravenous antibiotics or sub-specialty evaluation
been diagnosed with either immunodeficiency or anatomic abnormality of the upper respiratory tract
history of recurrent acute sinusitis (more than 3 episodes in 6 months or 4 episodes in a year)
history of chronic sinusitis (more than 90 days of respiratory symptoms in this or the previous respiratory season)
girls who have begun menstruating

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Short Course	Placebo	Short course (5 days) of antimicrobial therapy Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination and placebo for next 9 days.
Long Course	Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination	Long course (14 days) of antimicrobial therapy Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination given orally for 14 days.
Short Course	Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination	Short course (5 days) of antimicrobial therapy Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination and placebo for next 9 days.

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Proportion of Children With Clinical Relapse on Day 10 (Short Course) vs Day 20 (Long Course)	at 10 days and at 20 days	Results are based on a daily 6-item symptom survey (day 1 to 14); a daily 3-item survey (day 15 to 30). If a particular symptom is present initially, a score of 2 is given; if it is absent the score is 0. A maximum entry score is 20 (persistent symptoms). If a particular symptom becomes more severe, less severe, or stays the same during treatment, +1, -1, or 0 respectively, will be added to the original score for each symptom. At 10 (and 20 days, respectively), children will be classified as cured, improved or failed based on survey results. Children will be considered cured if they reach a score of \< 2. Children will be classified as improved if their score at 10 days (20 days, respectively) is at least 2 points less than their score at 5 days (15 days, respectively). Children will be considered to have failed therapy if their score worsens by + 3 between day 5 (day 15) and day 10 (day 20) or if their score at day 10 (day 20) does not meet criteria for improvement.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Percentage of Participants With Antibiotic Resistant Flora on Day 30 Compared to Baseline	Baseline and 30 days	Percentage of participants with antibiotic resistant flora on day 30 compared to baseline

Locations (2): UW Health Pediatrics (Park St)
🇺🇸
Madison, Wisconsin, United States
UW Health Pediatrics (WestTowne)
🇺🇸
Madison, Wisconsin, United States