Comparison of Effects of Otago Exercise Program vs. Gaze Stability Exercise on Balance and Fear of Fall in Older Adults
Overview
- Phase
- N/A
- Intervention
- Not specified
- Conditions
- Balance
- Sponsor
- King Saud University
- Enrollment
- 30
- Locations
- 1
- Primary Endpoint
- Berg Balance Scale (BBS)
- Status
- Completed
- Last Updated
- 3 years ago
Overview
Brief Summary
Fall occurrences and the associated risk of injury are debilitating and major health concerns in the older population. Several interventions have been investigated and implemented to address the needs of balance impairments and to reduce the increased risk of falls. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of the Otago exercise program (OEP) and gaze stability exercises (GSE) on balance and the risk of falls in older adults residing at an old age home facility. 30 elderly participants were equally and randomly divided into two groups: Group OEP received the OEP and group GSE received GSE for eight weeks (thrice a week). In addition, both groups also performed core muscle-strengthening exercises. The Berg balance scale (BBS) and the Fall efficacy scale-International (FES-I) were the outcome measures.
Investigators
Masood Khan
Principal Investigator
King Saud University
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria
- •Participants were independent in ambulation
- •They were performing activities of daily living independently
- •They had impaired balance having Berg Balance Scale (BBS) score between 35-45
- •They had dynamic Gait Index score between 11-19
- •They had mini-mental status exam scores \> 22
Exclusion Criteria
- •severe vision or hearing impairment,
- •neurological disorders including epilepsy, Alzheimer's disease, vertigo, Parkinson's disease, etc.,
- •muscular disorders which limit functional activity (Osteoarthritis, Rheumatoid arthritis, etc.),
- •taking medications that affect balance,
- •severe cardiovascular conditions,
- •recent Lower limb injury or Surgery,
Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Berg Balance Scale (BBS)
Time Frame: 8 weeks.
This tool encompasses both static and dynamic balance components across 14 different activities (5 static and 9 dynamic) performed by the patient graded on varying difficulty levels for different balance conditions (sitting balance, standing up, turning around, walking on an even surface, walking on steps, and while changing body position). The BBS utilizes an ordinal grading on a 5-point scale (0-4) to rate the 14 task items, producing a global score of 56 with the lower score assigned to poor performance (score-0) and a greater score representing the better outcomes (score-4).
Fall efficacy Scale- International (FES-I)
Time Frame: 8 weeks.
The FES-I form consists of 16 items related to various functional activities. The participant is asked to rate the level of each activity on a 4-point Likert scale. A higher score implies a greater fear of falls and lower score imply better outcomes.