Determination of Glycemic and Insulinemic Indices
- Conditions
- Glucose Metabolism
- Interventions
- Other: ELSA 1-9
- Registration Number
- NCT01477216
- Lead Sponsor
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare
- Brief Summary
The aim of this study to investigate methodological aspects that may affect glycemic index (GI) and insulinemic (II) values. In addition, we will measure GI and II values for typical Finnish carbohydrate-rich foods and provide a database of GIs for Finnish foods.
The specific aims of this study are:
* to compare glycemic responses and GIs analyzed from capillary and venous blood to compare glucose against white bread as the reference food, and to study the effect of number of reference tests on GI values. For each setting of the tested parameters, we determined the glycemic indices of rye bread, oatmeal porridge and instant mashed potato
* to examine the glycaemic and insulinaemic responses of a mashed potato-based meal when a high fat food (rapeseed oil) or a high protein food (chicken breast) or fat, protein and salad together were added to the meal. Furthermore, we studied how the predicted and measured GI values of the mixed meal differed from each other.
* to examine the effects of two different coffee portions with glucose and caffeine-containing soft drinks on postprandial glucose and insulin responses. Further objectives were to study how coffee and different accompaniments affect glucose and insulin responses.
* to measure GI values for typical Finnish foods
* to study the effects of berries on glycemic and insulinemic responses
* to examine the effects of overweight and glucose tolerance on the glucose, insulin and lipid responses to an HGI meal and an LGI meal.Furthermore, the second aim was to study the effect of BMI and glucose tolerance on the GI measured.
* to compare methodological choices in insulin measurement
* to investigate the effect of alcohol on postprandial glucose and insulin responses, and to determine glycemic and insulinemic indices values for beer and non-alcoholic beer
- Detailed Description
Not available
Recruitment & Eligibility
- Status
- UNKNOWN
- Sex
- All
- Target Recruitment
- 142
- For Studies 1-9 a total of 12 to 24 volunteers per study with a normal glucose tolerance based upon a 2 h 75g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT).
- For Study 7 a total of 24 volunteers with impaired glucose tolerance based on an OGTT.
- For Studies 1-6 and 8-9 with an age of 20 to 60 and with a BMI of 18 to 30 kg/m2.
- For Study 7 an age of 62 to 72 and with a BMI of 20 to 35 kg/m2.
- First-degree family history of diabetes
- An active gastrointestinal or metabolic disease
- For Studies 1-6 and 8-9 chronic medication (oral contraceptives were allowed)
- For Study 7 regular medication that would have affect glucose and lipid metabolism
- Smoking
- Pregnancy
- Breastfeeding
- History of polycystic ovary syndrome
- History of gestational diabetes
Study & Design
- Study Type
- INTERVENTIONAL
- Study Design
- CROSSOVER
- Arm && Interventions
Group Intervention Description Berries ELSA 1-9 To study the effects of berries on glycemic and insulinemic responses GIs of low-carbs ELSA 1-9 To measure glycemic and insulinemic responses to low-carbohydrates foods Glucose metabolism and BMI ELSA 1-9 To examine the effects of overweight and glucose tolerance on the glucose, insulin and lipid responses to an HGI meal and an LGI meal. Furthermore, the second aim was to study the effect of BMI and glucose tolerance on the GI measured. Mixed meals ELSA 1-9 To examine the glycaemic and insulinaemic responses of a mashed potato-based meal when a high fat food (rapeseed oil) or a high protein food (chicken breast) or fat, protein and salad together were added to the meal. Furthermore, we studied how the predicted and measured GI values of the mixed meal differed from each other. Coffee ELSA 1-9 To examine the effects of two different coffee portions with glucose and caffeine-containing soft drinks on postprandial glucose and insulin responses. Further objectives were to study how coffee and different accompaniments affect glucose and insulin responses. Snacks ELSA 1-9 To measure GI and II values for Finnish snack foods Alcohol ELSA 1-9 To investigate the effect of alcohol on postprandial glucose and insulin responses, and to determine glycemic and insulinemic indices values for beer and non-alcoholic beer. Measuring method ELSA 1-9 To compare glycemic responses and GI values from capillary and venous blood and to compare glucose solution with white bread as the reference food and to study the effect of the number of reference tests on GI values. Insulin measurement ELSA 1-9 To compare how methodological choices affect measured insulin values
- Primary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Triglyserides 2 to 5 hours Area under the plasma concentration versus time curve (AUC) of food
Free fatty acids 2 to 5 hours Area under the plasma concentration versus time curve (AUC) of food
Glucose 2 to 5 hours Area under the plasma concentration versus time curve (AUC) of food
Insulin 2 to 5 hours Area under the plasma concentration versus time curve (AUC) of food
- Secondary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Satiety 2 to 5 hours Satiety scores on the satiety scale
IGF1 2 to 5 hours Area under the plasma concentration versus time curve (AUC) of food
IGF-BP1 2 to 5 hours Area under the plasma concentration versus time curve (AUC) of food