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Impact of Point-of-Care EID for HIV-Exposed Infants

Not Applicable
Completed
Conditions
Transmission, Perinatal Infection
Infant Morbidity
HIV/AIDS
Pediatric HIV Infection
Interventions
Diagnostic Test: Standard of Care Early Infant Diagnosis
Diagnostic Test: Point of Care Early Infant Diagnosis
Registration Number
NCT03824067
Lead Sponsor
Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation
Brief Summary

This mixed methods study will utilize a randomized step-wedge design to assess the impact of point-of-care (POC) versus conventional early infant diagnosis (EID) on key outcomes including timely return of results to caregivers and time to initiation on treatment for HIV-infected infants. Data will be collected through longitudinal clinical follow-up and medical chart extraction of routine records and lab forms. Feasibility and acceptability data will be collected through interviews with mothers/caregivers of HIV-exposed infants, and community focus groups.

Detailed Description

This study seeks to evaluate the impact of point of care (POC) early infant HIV diagnosis (EID) on turn-around time from sample collection until notification of parents/caregivers of test result, linkage to care, and time to initiation of treatment, and early retention in HIV care (3-6 months) for those infected.

The study will take place in two countries, Zimbabwe and Kenya, with high HIV prevalence, and where EGPAF-supported POC EID platforms are being implemented as part of a Unitaid-funded POC EID project. As part of POC program implementation activities, in each country up to 50 EGPAF-supported sites will implement POC EID platforms. These sites may be prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV clinics, HIV clinics or multidisciplinary health facilities. Project sites have been selected as part of the program implementation. In each country, 18 sites will be randomly selected as study sites for the impact evaluation.

Using a stepped wedge design, the intervention (the POC EID platforms) will be rolled out sequentially to the study facilities over three randomly-assigned time periods. Quantitative data will be derived from routine medical and laboratory charts and longitudinal tracking and follow-up of HIV-infected infants.

Qualitative data on feasibility and acceptability of POC will be derived from in-depth interviews with mothers/caregivers of HIV-exposed infants at the beginning and end of the study and community focus group discussions at the end of the study.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
COMPLETED
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
9539
Inclusion Criteria
  • Any infant who receives an EID test, either conventional or POC, for the 4-6 week EID indication at one of the study sites (which were randomly selected from project sites in country)
  • HEI under 12 weeks of age or their parents/caregivers
  • Some methods will only include HEI who test positive (medical chart extraction and longitudinal follow up)
  • Purposively selected caregivers of HEI for in-depth interviews
  • Focus groups with community members will not require participants to have sought testing for EID
Exclusion Criteria
  • Participants not at selected study sites
  • For some methods (medical chart extraction and longitudinal follow-up), HEI who test negative
  • For qualitative component, excluded if unable to consent due to age, competence, or inability to speak any of the study languages

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
PARALLEL
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
Standard of Care Early Infant DiagnosisStandard of Care Early Infant DiagnosisConventional laboratory based (standard of care - SOC) early infant diagnosis (EID) testing: SOC EID
Point of Care Early Infant DiagnosisPoint of Care Early Infant DiagnosisThe intervention is Point of Care (POC) early infant diagnosis (EID) testing, where the blood sample is processed at either the facility itself or a nearby site that is closer to the facility than a laboratory. With POC EID, blood samples do not have to travel to the laboratory for processing.
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Percentage of HIV exposed infants (HEI) who have received the 4-6 week EID test result by 12 weeks12 weeks

The number of children for whom a sample was drawn for the 4-6-week indication receiving EID result by 12 weeks, divided by the number of HEI who presented to the clinic and had an indication for 4-6 week EID testing

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
Testing coverage for the 4-6 week indication18 months

Number of EID samples collected for 4-6 week indication divided by the number of HEI who presented to the clinic and had an indication for 4-6 week EID testing

Time from sample collection for 4-6 week EID test indication to parent's/ caregiver notification18 months

Date of sample collection to the date that results were given to care giver

Age of patient at test result notification for 4-6 week EID test indication18 months

HEIs date of birth, date of sample collection and date of result notification to care giver

Time from test result received for 4-6 week EID test to initiation of ART, for HIV-infected infants18 months

Date positive result received at facility to the date the result was communicated to mother and date of ART initiation

Percentage of HIV positive infants diagnosed during 4-6 week EID testing initiated on ART18 months

Number of HIV-infected infants initiated on ART after 4-6 week EID test divided by the number of HIV-infected infants identified after 4-6 week EID test

Number of HIV-infected infants diagnosed at the 4-6 week EID with retention in care at 6 months24 months

Total number of infants initiated on ART 6 months ago and number of active on ART at 6 months

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation

🇿🇼

Harare, Zimbabwe

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