Effects of a Mindfulness Intervention on Physical and Psychological Well-Being and Quality of Life in Patients With Post Acute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 Infection (PASC) Dysautonomia

Change from baseline in the composite autonomic symptom score COMPASS-31 for autonomic symptoms

时间窗: Baseline / Pre Intervention(1-2 weeks prior to intervention), Post Intervention ( 1-2 weeks post intervention completion)

COMPASS-31 (the composite autonomic symptom) score is a self-rating questionnaire evaluating six domains of autonomic function: orthostatic intolerance, vasomotor, secretomotor, gastrointestinal, bladder, and pupillomotor domains. The six domain scores sum to a total score of 0 to 100, and a higher score indicates more severe autonomic symptoms. It is based on the original Autonomic Symptom Profile (ASP) and COMPASS, is internally consistent and applies a much-simplified scoring algorithm suitable for widespread use in autonomic research and practice.

Change from baseline in Active Stand Test of hemodynamic symptom parameters, exercise tolerance.

时间窗: Baseline / Pre Intervention(1-2 weeks prior to intervention), Post Intervention ( 1-2 weeks post intervention completion)

Active Stand Test. Clinically, an active stand test can be used to assess short-term neural and cardiovascular function and identify the hemodynamic correlates of patient symptoms and attributable causes of (pre-)syncope, and to detect autonomic dysfunction, variants of orthostatic hypotension, postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome and orthostatic hypertension. During a standardized active stand test procedure, heart rate and blood pressure are measured after resting lying down, then immediately upon standing and after 2, 5 and 10 minutes.

Change from baseline of Six Minute Walk in hemodynamic parameters, exercise tolerance

时间窗: Baseline / Pre Intervention(1-2 weeks prior to intervention), Post Intervention ( 1-2 weeks post intervention completion)

Six Minute Walk. The six-minute walk (6MWT) was developed in 1963 by Balke to evaluate functional capacity and endurance during physical activity. The standardized six-minute walk test (6MWT) measures the maximum distance an individual is able to walk over a total of six minutes. The individual is allowed to self-pace and rest as needed as they traverse back and forth along a flat marked walkway. Baseline heart rate and oxygen saturation are measured then continuously monitored to identify the lowest oxygen saturation, which may occur before the end of the test. The patient's baseline and post-test perceived dyspnea and fatigue are rated using the Borg scale 0-10 (0 none- 10 maximum).

Change from baseline in mean score in Health-Related Quality of Life (QOL) SF-20

时间窗: Baseline / Pre Intervention(1-2 weeks prior to intervention), Post Intervention (1-2 weeks post intervention completion); 4 weeks post intervention

Self-reported QOL SF-20. A 20-item questionnaire. The survey measures health across 6 domains: physical functioning (6 questions), role functioning (2 questions), social functioning (1 question), mental health (5 questions), health perceptions (5 questions), and pain (1 question). Scores across each of these domains are reported on a 0% to 100% scale, with 0% representing the worst possible score in that domain and 100% the best possible score. Raw scores are transformed to fit the 0% to 100% interval as described in the original publication (note that for question #1 on general health, an initial transformation is performed as follows: 1 = 5, 2 = 4.36, 3 = 3.43, 4 = 1.99, 5 = 1). Reversal of scoring is completed as necessary such that the highest score always represents the best possible score. The exception to this scoring pattern is the pain score, for which 0% represents the best possible score and 100% the worst possible score.