Effects of Paced Breathing Versus Diaphragmatic Breathing Combined With Mat Pilates on Cardiopulmonary Endurance, Dyspnea, Stress, Anxiety, and Quality of Life in Patients With Stage II Hypertension: A Randomized Controlled Trial
概览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 发起方
- University of Lahore
- 入组人数
- 63
- 试验地点
- 1
- 主要终点
- Stress and Anxiety Levels (DASS-21)
概览
简要总结
This randomized controlled trial aims to compare the effects of mat Pilates combined with paced breathing versus mat Pilates combined with diaphragmatic breathing on stress, anxiety, cardiopulmonary endurance, dyspnea, and quality of life in patients with Stage II hypertension. Participants will be recruited from the Physiotherapy Department of the University of Lahore Teaching Hospital. Outcome measures will include DASS-21, 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT), Modified Borg Dyspnea Scale, and SF-12 Health Survey. The intervention will be conducted three times per week for six weeks.
详细描述
This study is a randomized controlled trial conducted at the Physiotherapy Department of the University of Lahore Teaching Hospital, Lahore. A total of 63 hypertensive patients will be screened from the Outpatient Department (OPD) after clinical diagnosis by a qualified medical specialist.
Eligible participants who meet inclusion criteria and provide written informed consent will be enrolled using a non-probability purposive sampling technique. Participants will be randomly allocated into two parallel groups using a sealed envelope method to ensure allocation concealment.
Participants in:
Group A:
Will receive mat Pilates exercises combined with paced breathing training.
Group B:
Will receive mat Pilates exercises combined with diaphragmatic breathing training.
Both groups will undergo supervised intervention sessions three times per week on alternate days for a total duration of six weeks. Each session will last approximately 45-60 minutes.
Outcome measures will be assessed at baseline and at the end of the six-week intervention period.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Parallel
- 主要目的
- Treatment
- 盲法
- Single (Outcomes Assessor)
盲法说明
Participants and care providers will not be blinded due to the nature of the interventions.
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 40 Years 至 50 Years（Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 否
入选标准
- •Adults aged 40 to 50 years
- •Clinically diagnosed Stage II hypertension confirmed by a qualified healthcare provider
- •On a stable antihypertensive medication regimen for at least 4 weeks
- •Moderate dyspnea levels as measured by the Modified Borg Dyspnea Scale
- •Not currently participating in any structured exercise or rehabilitation program
- •Able to understand instructions and complete questionnaires
- •Willing to provide written informed consent
排除标准
- •Uncontrolled hypertension (e.g., blood pressure greater than 180/110 mmHg)
- •History of recent cardiovascular events (e.g., myocardial infarction within the past 6 months)
- •Severe neurological or musculoskeletal disorders limiting mobility
- •Severe anxiety or stress requiring psychiatric intervention
- •Severe cognitive impairment or communication barriers
- •Currently enrolled in another clinical trial or structured wellness program
- •Any medical contraindication to physical activity as advised by a physician
研究组 & 干预措施
Mat Pilates + Paced Breathing
Participants assigned to this arm will receive a supervised mat Pilates program combined with paced breathing exercises, performed three times per week on alternate days for six weeks. Each session will last approximately 45-60 minutes.
干预措施: Paced Breathing (Behavioral)
Mat Pilates + Diaphragmatic Breathing
Participants assigned to this arm will receive a supervised mat Pilates program combined with diaphragmatic breathing exercises, performed three times per week on alternate days for six weeks. Each session will last approximately 45-60 minutes.
干预措施: Mat Pilates (Other)
结局指标
主要结局
Stress and Anxiety Levels (DASS-21)
时间窗: Baseline and at 6 weeks
Stress and anxiety levels will be assessed using the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale - 21 items (DASS-21). Each subscale consists of 7 items scored on a 4-point Likert scale (0 = Did not apply to me at all to 3 = Applied to me very much or most of the time). Scores are multiplied by 2 to calculate final subscale scores. Higher scores indicate greater psychological distress.
次要结局
- Cardiopulmonary Endurance (6-Minute Walk Test)(Baseline and at 6 weeks)
- Dyspnea Severity (Modified Borg Dyspnea Scale)(Baseline and at 6 weeks)
- Health-Related Quality of Life (SF-12)(Baseline and at 6 weeks)
研究者
Amina Shahzadi
Doctor of Physical Therapy Student
University of Lahore