AI-Powered Research

In order to be eligible to participate in this study, a subject must meet all
of the following criteria:
• Aged >= 18 years.
• Capable of understanding and signing informed consent.
• Stage 1:
o scheduled for conventional contrast-enhanced echocardiography
• Stage 2:
o Admitted to the Erasmus MC Cardiology ward for an elective cardiac procedure
• Stage 3:
o Admitted to the Erasmus MC Cardiology ward
o Planned for cardiac surgery
• Stage 4A:
o underwent PCI in the past hour;
o is recovering in the medium-care unit;
o is physiologically stable and awake;
o suffered a single-vessel ST-elevated myocardial infarction
o still carries an intravenous line;
o oral explicit approval by the treating intervention cardiologist to perform a
contrast-enhanced echographic study in the medium-care unit for this patient.
• Stage 4B:
o Was included in stage 4A, at most 6 months before (range: 3 - 6 months)
o Is physiologically stable
o Has had no serious adverse events or other cardiac complaints/STEMIs in the
mean time

Exclusion Criteria

A potential subject who meets any of the following criteria will be excluded
from participation in this study:
• Patients living abroad or who are not Dutch speaking;
• Any contra-indication for contrast media Sonovue (Bracco International bv,
Amsterdam), or Luminity (Dutch supplier: LamePro bv, Breda);
• Patients with inability to obtain adequate echocardiographic examination;
• Pregnant and/or lactating women

Study & Design

Study Type: Observational invasive

Study Design: Not specified

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
<p>The primary parameter of this study is the myocardial perfusion deficit between<br /><br>cardiac segments and/or between the epicardial and the endocardial border,<br /><br>directly after percutaneous coronary intervention, as determined with<br /><br>high-frame rate contrast echocardiography. We expect, based on many studies of<br /><br>post-PCI measurements (e.g., scar tissue on MRI scans; post-mortem histology;<br /><br>preclinical animal testing) that there is local variation in perfusion both<br /><br>between segments, as well as trans-mural.</p><br>

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
<p>• Establish expectation of feasibility in clinical practice in / nearby the<br /><br>Cath lab, and in the outpatient clinic.<br /><br>• Develop a comparative framework with current standard protocols for perfusion<br /><br>imaging (TIMI score, conventional contrast-enhanced echography)<br /><br>• To explore the added value of high frame-rate echocardiography in patients<br /><br>that have underwent a PCI.<br /><br>• Assess the blood flow in the left-ventricular cavity nearby the wall </p><br>