The Effect of Adding Core Muscle Training With Shoulder Strengthening in Tennis Players: A Randomized Controlled Trial
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 招募中
- 入组人数
- 120
- 试验地点
- 2
- 主要终点
- Flat serve ball speed
研究概览
简要总结
Compared with shoulder-only training and with continued tennis training alone, will the addition of core strengthening to shoulder training produce significantly greater improvements in flat serve ball speed in healthy tennis players?
Secondary Hypothesis:
- Combined core + shoulder training will produce greater improvement in serve accuracy than shoulder-only training or tennis training alone.
- Combined core + shoulder training will produce greater improvement in TGAR than shoulder-only training or tennis training alone.
- Combined core + shoulder training will produce greater improvement in core strength/endurance and shoulder rotational strength than the comparator groups.
详细描述
The kinetic chain model suggests that core musculature plays a crucial role in transferring energy from the lower body to the upper extremity during the tennis serve. However, evidence on the relationship between core strength and tennis serve (TS) ball speed and passive total glenohumeral arc of rotation (TGAR) remains inconsistent, warranting further investigation.
It is hypothesized that the addition of core muscle exercises to the training program would yield greater improvements in terms of tennis serve ball speed and TGAR when compared to a control group performing only shoulder exercises in tennis players.
Tennis players with at least 1-3 years of weekly tennis training will be included and allocated randomly into the control group (CG) and experimental group (EG). CG participants will perform shoulder exercises and sham core exercises. EG participants will receive the same training as CG in addition to performing core exercises. Both groups will participate in a 12-week intervention (2 sessions per week, 50 minutes per session). Pre- and postintervention assessments will include TS ball speed analysis and TGAR, respectively.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Randomized
- 干预模型
- Parallel
- 主要目的
- Other
- 盲法
- Single (Outcomes Assessor)
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 18 Years 至 35 Years（Adult）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 是
入选标准
- •Healthy adults aged 18-35 years
- •Recreational to competitive non-professional tennis players (currently playing ≥2 sessions/week for ≥1 year; NTRP 3.0-5.0 or equivalent ITN; no professional ranking or tour-level competition history)
- •Right- or left-hand dominant (serve arm recorded)
- •Able to perform a full flat serve without pain
- •Willing to maintain current tennis training routine and refrain from starting other new strength/conditioning programs during the study
排除标准
- •Current or history of shoulder pain/injury in the past 6 months (e.g., rotator cuff pathology, labral injury, impingement)
- •Low back pain or lumbar spine pathology in the past 6 months
- •Prior shoulder or spine surgery
- •Systemic conditions affecting neuromuscular function (e.g., uncontrolled diabetes, neurological disorders)
- •Pregnancy
- •Current participation in a structured core or shoulder strengthening program
结局指标
主要结局
Flat serve ball speed
时间窗: measured at baseline (Week 0) and post-intervention (Week 12).
Flat serve ball speed (km/h or mph), measured via radar gun (e.g., Stalker Pro II) or equivalent validated device, averaged across the best 5 of 10 flat serves hit into the deuce-side service box, measured at baseline (Week 0) and post-intervention (Week 12).
次要结局
- Serve accuracy(measured at baseline (Week 0) and post-intervention (Week 12).)
- Total glenohumeral arc of rotation (TGAR)(measured at baseline (Week 0) and post-intervention (Week 12).)
- Shoulder rotational strength(measured at baseline (Week 0) and post-intervention (Week 12).)
- Core strength/endurance(measured at baseline (Week 0) and post-intervention (Week 12).)
研究者
Ahmed ElMelhat
Assistant Professor
Cairo University