A study on the use of Mini-Cog Test to predict Postoperative Delirium in patients with Hip Fractures undergoing Surgery

A Prospective Observational Cohort Study which includes patients undergoing Hip Surgeries. The procedure will be explained to the patient and the informed consent will be obtained. Baseline demographic and clinical information—such as age, sex, medical comorbidities, current medications, and type of surgery—is recorded. The Mini-Cog test is administered preoperatively, ideally within the first 24 hours of hospital admission and before any premedication or sedation that might interfere with cognitive testing. It consists of two components: a three-word recall and a clock-drawing task. To begin the test, the patient is told three unrelated words (e.g., “apple,” “watch,” “table”) and asked to repeat them to ensure they have heard and understood. Next, the patient is instructed to draw a clock: they are asked to draw a circle, place the numbers to make it look like a clock, and then set the hands to a specific time (e.g., “10 past 11”). After completing the clock, the patient is asked to recall the three words given earlier. Scoring is done out of five: one point for each word correctly recalled (up to three points) and two points for a correctly drawn and properly set clock. A total score of 0–2 suggests possible cognitive impairment, while a score of 3–5 is considered normal. This score is recorded immediately. Patients are then assessed postoperatively after a period of 24 hours. Postoperatively, patients will be assessed after a period of 24 hours using the Confusion Assessment Method (CAM). Delirium was diagnosed based on: 1. Acute onset and fluctuating course 2. Inattention 3. Disorganized thinking 4. Altered level of consciousness Delirium was diagnosed if criteria 1 and 2, plus either 3 or 4, were present.