Effects of Stressful Life Experiences on the Acquisition of a Coping Skill in Adolescents With Elevated Depression Symptoms
试验速览
- 阶段
- 不适用
- 状态
- 已完成
- 入组人数
- 88
- 试验地点
- 2
- 主要终点
- Cognitive Restructuring Knowledge Test
研究概览
简要总结
The primary objective of this study is to assess acquisition and retention of a Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)-based "cognitive restructuring" skill, among young adolescents (12-15 years of age) with elevated depression symptoms and with population-level variability in lifetime exposure to adverse childhood experiences. This study uses a repeated-measures, longitudinal design to investigate associations between adversity exposure and learning-related cognitive control processes in the context of elevated depression (Aim 1). Adversity exposure and cognitive control will be examined as direct predictors of cognitive restructuring skill acquisition and skill retention over six-months; an indirect pathway from adversity to skill acquisition through cognitive control will also be examined (Aim 2). The study also includes exploration of key characteristics of adversity, namely the type (threat of harm versus deprivation of resources) and developmental timing of exposure, as distinct predictors of skill acquisition (exploratory Aim 3).
详细描述
ASSESSMENT: With verbal permission from the parent, both the interested parent and adolescent will complete an eligibility screener over the phone. The eligibility screener includes demographic information, psychiatric history, and current depression symptoms (self-report Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and the parent-report Children's Depression Inventory-2) to confirm that interested families meet initial inclusion criteria.
Baseline Assessment. A baseline assessment will be scheduled with all families. Informed consent and assent will be obtained prior to the start of any baseline assessment activities. A diagnostic interview (K-SADS-P/L) will be completed by a trained study staff member with each adolescent and their consenting parent. Diagnoses will be based on consensus ratings between adolescents and parents. Study staff will also administer the pediatric Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale, the Depression Rating Scale (embedded in K-SADS-P/L), and the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire.
The Wechsler Abbreviated Scale for Intelligence-II (WASI-II), the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB), and computerized tasks described in the outcome measures will be administered by a study staff member.
Self-report questionnaires will be administered to the parents and adolescents assessing peer victimization, community violence exposure, child and family demographics, stressful life events, food security, neglectful behaviors, social and cognitive stimulation during early childhood, discrimination, pubertal development, sleep behaviors, depression symptoms, and parent-child relationship quality.
Final study eligibility will be confirmed based on interviews and the WASI-II.
研究设计
- 研究类型
- Interventional
- 分配方式
- Na
- 干预模型
- Single Group
- 主要目的
- Basic Science
- 盲法
- None
入排标准
- 年龄范围
- 12 Years 至 15 Years（Child）
- 性别
- All
- 接受健康志愿者
- 否
入选标准
- •Between the ages 12 years 0 months through 15 years 11 months at study enrollment
- •Have clinically elevated depression symptom severity based a cut-off score of ≥ 7 on the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, verified by clinician ratings on the Depression Rating Scale.
排除标准
- •Lifetime presence of a DSM-5 Psychotic or Autism Spectrum Disorder
- •Lifetime presence of a neurological or serious medical condition
- •Current DSM-5 diagnosis of substance abuse or dependence
结局指标
主要结局
Cognitive Restructuring Knowledge Test
时间窗: Immediately post-intervention
This outcome measure is a two-part self-report scale. The first component asks participants to describe all the steps to the cognitive restructuring skill and assesses knowledge of each component of the cognitive restructuring skill that participants learned. A total score is generated on a scale of 0-5 with higher scores indicating greater recall. The second component includes 10 multiple-choice items presenting hypothetical social scenarios with adolescents and participants are asked to rate the most likely interpretation of the situation. Correct answers reflect a use of cognitive restructuring to interpret ambiguous situations. A total score (0-10) is generated with higher scores indicating greater knowledge. This outcome measure is adapted from an existing self-report tool known as the Skill Acquisition Measure (SAM; Lindhiem and colleagues).
Biobehavioral sympathetic recovery
时间窗: Immediately post-intervention
This primary outcome is a measure of psychophysiological response in the form of electrodermal activity (EDA), also known as skin conductance, which captures autonomic arousal in the sympathetic nervous system. Biobehavioral recovery is defined as the slope of EDA recovery directly following the use of cognitive restructuring in response to a negative emotion induction (film clip).
Cognitive Restructuring Skill Acquisition
时间窗: Immediately post-intervention
This primary outcome measure is an idiographic interview. A study staff member will conduct the brief idiographic interview asking participants to identify a stressful or negative event that occurred in the last week that elicited a negative emotional response. Participants will be asked to describe the event in detail, and then prompted to describe how they dealt with the event. Interviewer prompts to identify thoughts will be administered as needed. Interviews will be coded of cognitive restructuring strategies and a summary score of the amount and quality of cognitive restructuring components used will be calculated. Skill acquisition is defined as the summary score at post-intervention, controlling for summary scores at pre-intervention.
Cognitive Restructuring Skill Retention up to 6-months
时间窗: Pre-intervention up to 6-months follow-up
This primary outcome measure is an idiographic interview. A study staff member will conduct the brief idiographic interview asking participants to identify a stressful or negative event that occurred in the last week that elicited a negative emotional response. Participants will be asked to describe the event in detail, and then prompted to describe how they dealt with the event. Interviewer prompts to identify thoughts will be administered as needed. Interviews will be coded of cognitive restructuring strategies and a summary score of the amount and quality of cognitive restructuring components used will be calculated. Retention of the acquired skill is defined as the summary scores at each follow-up (1-week, 3-months, and 6 months post-intervention), controlling for summary scores at post-intervention.
次要结局
- Biobehavioral parasympathetic regulation(Immediately post-intervention)
研究者
Rachel Vaughn-Coaxum
Assistant Professor
University of Pittsburgh