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The Effects of Neoadjuvant Metformin on Tumour Cell Proliferation and Tumour Progression in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma

Phase 2
Conditions
Resectable Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
Interventions
Registration Number
NCT02978547
Lead Sponsor
British Columbia Cancer Agency
Brief Summary

This is a single arm, non-randomized phase II study of neoadjuvant metformin in resectable PDAC. Twenty patients will be enrolled and treated with metformin 500 mg BD for a minimum of 7 days, until 2 days prior to surgery. Patients will undergo laboratory investigations at baseline, prior to surgery and 4-10 weeks after surgery. Patients eligible for and consented to the optional MRI substudy will undergo diffusion-weighted MRI 1 to 14 days before surgery.

At surgery, resected tumour and normal tissue will be collected and banked. FFPE specimens will be used for sectioning, histological analysis and IHC for Ki67 (cell proliferation marker), pAMPK, ACC targets, p53 and mTOR targets, apoptotic markers (Bax, Bcl-2, caspases 3, 8 and 9). Fresh frozen tumour and matched normal tissue samples will be used for western blot analysis of insulin and IGF receptors, total and activated ERK and Akt, and RNAseq analysis. Pre-metformin biopsy samples will be retrieved for molecular analysis.

Fasting blood samples at baseline and before surgery will be analyzed for glucose and insulin levels. Plasma and whole blood will also be processed and banked for circulating tumour DNA analysis. Urine samples will be sent for metabolomic profiling.

Detailed Description

Not available

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status
UNKNOWN
Sex
All
Target Recruitment
20
Inclusion Criteria
  • Age greater than or equal to 18 years on the day of study consent

  • Pathologic diagnosis of PDAC where 2 pre-treatment core biopsy samples are available for analysis. Patients with suspected PDAC without a pathologic diagnosis must undergo confirmatory biopsy under endoscopic ultrasound guidance.

  • Resectable disease based on standard imaging criteria

  • Surgery planned ≥ 2 weeks after study entry

  • Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status 0-2

  • Adequate hematologic, renal, and hepatic function as measured by the following laboratory assessments conducted within 7 days prior to the initiation of study treatment:

    • Total bilirubin < 1.5 times the upper limit of normal (ULN)
    • Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) < 2.5 times the ULN
    • Lipase < 1.5 times the ULN
    • Serum creatinine < 1.5 times the ULN
    • Glomerular filtration rate > 30 mL/min/1.73 m2 according to the modified diet in renal disease abbreviated formula
    • International normalized ratio (INR) or prothrombin time (PT; PT-INR) and partial thromboplastin time (PTT) < 1.5 times the ULN
    • Platelet count > 100000 /mm3, hemoglobin (> 9 g/dL, absolute neutrophil count > 1500/mm3.
  • Baseline fasting glucose <13.9 mmol/L

  • No prior chemotherapy or radiotherapy for PDAC

  • Serum lactate levels within normal range assessed within 7 days prior to the initiation of study treatment

MRI sub-study:

  • Signed informed consent for the optional MRI substudy
  • No contraindications to MRI
Exclusion Criteria
  • Presence of locally unresectable disease or distant metastases
  • Treatment with metformin or any other anti-hyperglycemic agent within the previous 6 months
  • Known allergy or contraindication to metformin
  • Not fit for surgery
  • Planned for, or received, neoadjuvant treatment of any type

Study & Design

Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Design
SINGLE_GROUP
Arm && Interventions
GroupInterventionDescription
MetforminMetformin Hydrochloride 500Mg TabletAll patients will receive metformin 500 mg per oral twice daily with food for at least 7 days, until 2 days prior to surgery. Metformin therapy should be discontinued 2 days before surgery to reduce the risk of lactic acidosis associated with fasting.
Primary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
The effect of neoadjuvant metformin treatment on tumour cell proliferation in PDAC tumours6 months

Assessment of Ki-67 fraction as assessed by IHC of pre- and post-metformin tumour samples.

Secondary Outcome Measures
NameTimeMethod
The effect of metformin on glucose and insulin metabolism as assessed by serum marker, fasting GGT (mmol/L)6 months

The marker of glucose and insulin metabolism will be reported with pre- and post-metformin values compared.

R0 resection rates in patients undergoing curative PDAC resection6 months

Proportion of patients with R0 resections.

The effect of metformin on glucose and insulin metabolism as assessed by serum marker, fasting glucose (mmol/L)6 months

The marker of glucose and insulin metabolism will be reported with pre- and post-metformin values compared.

Transcriptome sequencing (RNAseq) of pre- and post-treatment tumour samples.6 months

To investigate the molecular signatures associated with metformin response

Comparison of gene expression in pre-metformin biopsy samples and post-metformin resected tumour samples. Expression of altered genes to be validated by IHC in tumour sections.

Plasma ctDNA, measured as percentage of mutant to total DNA fragments in plasma6 months

To assess the presence of ctDNA in resectable PDAC, and dynamic changes following treatment with metformin and surgical resection

Proportion of patients with detectable plasma ctDNA at baseline. Comparison of values pre- and post-metformin and 4-10 weeks after surgery.

The effect of metformin on glucose and insulin metabolism as assessed by serum marker, fasting insulin (mU/L)6 months

The marker of glucose and insulin metabolism will be reported with pre- and post-metformin values compared.

The effect of metformin on glucose and insulin metabolism as assessed by clinical marker, weight (kg)6 months

The clinical marker will be reported with pre- and post-metformin values compared.

Correlation between imaging and pathologic parameters6 months

To explore the correlation between apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) on MRI and pathologic findings.

ADC values will be individually compared to tumour differentiation and Ki-67 fraction on pathologic examination.

The effect of metformin on metabolomic profile of pre- and post-metformin samples6 months

Serum and urine metabolomic profile.

Comparison of metabolite levels in pre-and post-metformin samples.

The effect of metformin on glucose and insulin metabolism as assessed by serum marker, HOMA index6 months

HOMA index is calculated from serum glucose and insulin. The marker of glucose and insulin metabolism will be reported with pre- and post-metformin values compared.

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

BC Cancer Agency - Vancouver Cancer Centre

🇨🇦

Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

BC Cancer Agency - Vancouver Cancer Centre
🇨🇦Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

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