A Good Start (Een goed begin)

Recruiting

Conditions: behavioral problems, externalizing behavior, aggressive behavior(gedragsproblemen, externaliserend gedrag, agressie)

Registration Number: NL-OMON28516

Lead Sponsor: Clinical Child and Adolescent Studies, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands

Brief Summary: Smaling, H.J.A., Huijbregts S.C.J., Van der Heijden, K.B., Van Goozen, S.H.M. & Swaab, H. (accepted). Maternal reflective functioning as a multidimensional construct: differential associations with children's temperament and externalizing behavior. Infant Behavior and Development. Smaling, H.J.A., Huijbregts S.C.J., Van der Heijden, K.B., Hay, D.F., Van Goozen, S.H.M. & Swaab, H. (accepted). Prenatal reflective functioning and development of aggression in infancy: The role of maternal intrusiveness and sensitivity. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology. Smaling, H.J.A., Huijbregts S.C.J., Suurland J., Van der Heijden, K.B., Mesman, J., Van Goozen, S.H.M., & Swaab, H. (2016). Prenatal reflective functioning and maternal interactive behavior during free play, the Still-Face Paradigm, and two teaching tasks. Infancy. n/a- n/a. doi: 10.1111/infa.12137 Suurland, J., Van der Heijden, K.B., Smaling, H.J.A., Huijbregts, S.C.J., Van Goozen, S.H.M., & Swaab, H. (accepted). Maternal risk status predicts autonomic nervous system reactivity and recovery in infants. Development and Psychopathology. Smaling, H.J.A., Huijbregts S.C.J., Suurland J., Van der Heijden K.B., Van Goozen, S.H.M. & Swaab, H. (2015). Prenatal reflective functioning in primiparous women with a high-risk profile. Infant Mental Health Journal, 36(3), 251-261. doi: 10.1002/imhj.21506

Detailed Description: Not available

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status: Recruiting

Sex: Not specified

Target Recruitment: 275

Inclusion Criteria

Dutch-speaking primiparous women between 17 and 25 years old with uncomplicated pregnancies were eligible to participate.

Exclusion Criteria

Exclusion criteria were heavy drug addiction or severe psychiatric or psychotic disorder, an intelligence quotient (IQ) below 70, major acute or significant chronic illness in the mother or a disorder or syndrome in the child, which would affect normal development.

Study & Design

Study Type: Interventional

Study Design: Not specified

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Child parameters:<br /><br>- Neurobiological: stress reactivity of the autonomic nervous system functioning and hypothalamic-pituitary-hypothalamic-pituitary-adrennal [HPA] axis activity <br /><br>- Neurocognitive: precursors of executive functioning, Theory of mind, verbal abilities<br /><br>- Temperament<br /><br>- Behavioral: aggressive behavior<br><br>Maternal parameters:<br>- Neurobiological: stress reactivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-hypothalamic-pituitary-adrennal [HPA] axis activity <br>- Neurocognitive: reflective functioning, executive functioning, emotion regulation<br>- Behavioral: parenting, parenting stress, self-efficacy

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Child parameters:<br /><br>-Developmental level<br /><br>-Birth outcomes (e.g. length, weight, Apgar-score)<br /><br>-Health<br><br /><br /><br>Maternal parameters:<br /><br>-Psychopathology/ mental health<br /><br>-Life style (alcohol, drugs and smoking)<br /><br>-Stressful life events<br /><br>-SES (e.g. work status, education)<br /><br>-Social network<br /><br>- Health<br /><br>-Use of other interventions