High-intensity Small-sided Soccer Games for Cardiometabolic Health in Adolescents With Metabolic Dysfunction
- Conditions
- Metabolic SyndromeObesity, Adolescent
- Interventions
- Behavioral: Traditional soccer training groups (TSG)Behavioral: Small-sided soccer games groups (SSSG)
- Registration Number
- NCT06377137
- Lead Sponsor
- Universidade do Porto
- Brief Summary
Pediatric obesity is considered one of the most important public health problems worldwide due to its high prevalence and associated comorbidities. Physical exercise has been shown to have an important role in the treatment of obesity and associated cardiometabolic dysfunction. Small-sided soccer games (SSSG) have been explored as a promising way of increasing physical exercise due to its benefits on cardiometabolic health and high degree of enjoyment, which favors long-term adherence.
The objective of this research is to determine the effects of a 16-week high-intensity SSSG-based exercise intervention on cardiometabolic risk factors, physical fitness, adherence to 24-hour movement patterns, enjoyment and adherence to the intervention in adolescents with metabolic dysfunction and compare them to the effects of a traditional soccer intervention.
The investigators hypothesize that high-intensity SSSG are more effective in improving the obesity-related cardiometabolic risk profile in adolescents with cardiometabolic dysfunction compared to traditional soccer training.
A parallel 3-arm randomized controlled trial will be conducted in adolescents with overweight and metabolic dysfunction between 11 and 15 years of age. The inclusion criteria are: (i) age between 11-15 years at the time of intervention start; (ii) overweight or obesity (BMI\> 85th percentile); (iii) Abdominal obesity ≥90th percentile as assessed by waist circumference or a waist-to-height ratio ≥ 0.5; (iv) willing to participate in the study regardless of possible group allocation; (v) informed consent given by participant and legal representatives. Exclusion criteria: (i) health condition not compatible with participation in physical exercise; (ii) history of recent musculoskeletal injury hindering exercise participation; (iii) concurrent participation in a structured weight loss or exercise program.
Those eligible to participate in the study will be randomly assigned to one of three groups: i) SSSG group, ii) traditional soccer play group (TSG), or, iii) non-exercise intervention control group (CG). Participants in both exercise intervention groups will undergo a 16-week intervention. The SSSG group will participate in a high-intensity small-sided soccer games training, while the TSG will undergo a technical and tactical skills training program and traditional soccer training. The CG participants will continue with regular school physical education classes without any additional intervention. Before and after the intervention, all participants will be assessed for cardiometabolic and hepatic biochemical markers, physical fitness, anthropometry and body composition, blood pressure, objective daily physical activity and sleep quality, and perceived enjoyment of participation in SSSG and TSG. The primary outcomes of the study will be waist circumference and cardiorespiratory fitness.
The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Sport of the University of Porto and by the Scientific Ethics Committee of the Adventist University of Chile.
- Detailed Description
Not available
Recruitment & Eligibility
- Status
- COMPLETED
- Sex
- Male
- Target Recruitment
- 51
- Age between 11-15 years at the time of intervention start
- Overweight or obesity (BMI> 85th percentile)
- Abdominal obesity ≥90th percentile as assessed by waist circumference or a waist-to- height ratio ≥ 0.5
- Willing to participate in the study regardless of possible group allocation
- Informed consent given by participant and legal representatives
- Health condition not compatible with participation in physical exercise
- History of recent musculoskeletal injury hindering exercise participation
- Concurrent participation in a structured weight loss or exercise program
Study & Design
- Study Type
- INTERVENTIONAL
- Study Design
- PARALLEL
- Arm && Interventions
Group Intervention Description Traditional soccer training groups (TSG) Traditional soccer training groups (TSG) SSSG will perform 16 weeks of training, 3 sessions/week, and \~55 minutes/session. Each session will begin with a 15-minute warm-up, 32 minutes of principal activity, and 5 minutes of cool down. The TSG group will base its training on 30 minutes of technical exercises with the ball individually or in pairs (dribbling, shooting and passing), ending with 10 minutes of a match organized according to the original characteristics of an indoor soccer game. Small-sided soccer games groups (SSSG) Small-sided soccer games groups (SSSG) SSSG will perform 16 weeks of training, 3 sessions/week, and \~55 minutes/session. Each session will begin with a 15-minute warm-up, 32 minutes of principal activity, and 5 minutes of cool down. The SSSG will consist of a program based on high-intensity SSSG. The training protocol is based on a pilot study conducted to characterize the exertion profile. The SSSG will be performed in a fractional regimen of 8 sets of 4 minutes and 2 minutes rest. The format of the SSGs will be 3v3, although they can be adapted to 2v2 or 4v4 when necessary. In addition, it will take place in a playing area of 9 x 18 meters equivalent to 27 square meters per player. To encourage high intensity, the following will be used (i) man-to-man marking; (ii) to score a goal, the entire team must be in the opponent's half of the field; (iii) balls will be available to reduce stoppages in play; (iv) the coach will motivate the team to maintain high intensity.
- Primary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Cardiorespiratory fitness 16 weeks 1-mile walk/run test; minutes to run 1 mile
Waist circumference 16 weeks Anthropometric measurement of abdominal obesity; cm
- Secondary Outcome Measures
Name Time Method Variation in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration (mg/dL) 16 weeks Variation in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration after 16 weeks of intervention.
Blood samples will be obtained from each subject early in the morning by venipuncture from the antecubital vein, following a 10-h overnight fast.Hand grip strength 16 weeks Hand grip strength test measured with a digital hand dynamometer
Lower limb strength 16 weeks Assessed by Horizontal jump test.
Blood Pressure (mmHg) 16 weeks Systolic and diastolic blood pressure measured with digital sphygmomanometer
Variation in HOMA-IR 16 weeks Variation in HOMA-IR after 16 weeks of intervention.
Blood samples will be obtained from each subject early in the morning by venipuncture from the antecubital vein, following a 10-h overnight fast.Variation in blood Alanine aminotransferase concentration (U/L) 16 weeks Variation in blood Alanine aminotransferase concentration after 16 weeks of intervention.
Blood samples will be obtained from each subject early in the morning by venipuncture from the antecubital vein, following a 10-h overnight fast.Body mass index 16 weeks Weight and height will be combined to report BMI in kg/m\^2
Variation in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration (mg/dL) 16 weeks Variation in High-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration after 16 weeks of intervention.
Blood samples will be obtained from each subject early in the morning by venipuncture from the antecubital vein, following a 10-h overnight fast.Variation in serum insulin concentration (mU/L) 16 weeks Variation in serum insulin concentration after 16 weeks of intervention.
Blood samples will be obtained from each subject early in the morning by venipuncture from the antecubital vein, following a 10-h overnight fast.Variation in blood triglycerides concentration (mg/dL) 16 weeks Variation in blood triglycerides concentration after 16 weeks of intervention.
Blood samples will be obtained from each subject early in the morning by venipuncture from the antecubital vein, following a 10-h overnight fast.Variation in blood Gamma glutamyl transferase concentration (U/L) 16 weeks Variation in blood Gamma glutamyl transferase concentration after 16 weeks of intervention.
Blood samples will be obtained from each subject early in the morning by venipuncture from the antecubital vein, following a 10-h overnight fast.Variation in fasting blood glucose concentration (mg/dL) 16 weeks Variation in fasting blood glucose concentration after 16 weeks of intervention.
Blood samples will be obtained from each subject early in the morning by venipuncture from the antecubital vein, following a 10-h overnight fast.Variation in glycosylated hemoglobin concentration (mg/dL) 16 weeks Variation in Glycosylated hemoglobin concentration after 16 weeks of intervention.
Blood samples will be obtained from each subject early in the morning by venipuncture from the antecubital vein, following a 10-h overnight fast.Variation in total cholesterol concentration (mg/dL) 16 weeks Variation in total cholesterol concentration after 16 weeks of intervention.
Blood samples will be obtained from each subject early in the morning by venipuncture from the antecubital vein, following a 10-h overnight fast.Variation in blood Aspartate aminotransferase concentration (U/L) 16 weeks Variation in blood Aspartate aminotransferase concentration after 16 weeks of intervention.
Blood samples will be obtained from each subject early in the morning by venipuncture from the antecubital vein, following a 10-h overnight fast.Neck circumference 16 weeks Assessed by anthropometric techniques
Physical activity 16 weeks Physical activity will be assessed objectively with a triaxial accelerometer used 24h/d during 7 consecutive days.
Sleep quality 16 weeks Sleep quality will be assessed objectively with a triaxial accelerometer used 24h/d during 7 consecutive days.
Perceived enjoyment of physical activity 16 weeks Assessed by the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale questionnaire (PACES). Raw scores are transformed into a scale from 16 to 80. Higher scores correspond to higher perceived enjoyment.
Body composition 16 weeks Assessed by the electrical bioimpedance method
6-minute walk test 16 weeks Distance covered walking in 6 minutes.
Trial Locations
- Locations (1)
Faculty of Sport of the University of Porto
🇵🇹Porto, Portugal