Effect of Deep Tissue Massage on Subjective and Objective Parameters in Office Workers With Chronic Low Back Pain
Trial Snapshot
- Phase
- Not Applicable
- Status
- Completed
- Sponsor
- Enrollment
- 40
- Locations
- 2
- Primary Endpoint
- Lumbar left flexion (PRE)
Study Overview
Brief Summary
The main objective of the study was to assess the impact of deep tissue massage on subjective and objective parameters in a group of office workers with chronic low back pain.
Specific objectives:
- Assessment of the impact of deep tissue massage on the level of pain
- Assessment of the impact of deep tissue massage on the level of disability
- Assessment of the impact of deep tissue massage on the mobility of the lumbar spine
- Assessment of the effect of deep tissue massage on the discomfort threshold of tissue compression in the area of the erector spinae muscle
- Assessment of the impact of deep tissue massage on the biophysical parameters of the soft tissues of the erector spinae muscle
- Evaluation of the impact of deep tissue massage on the bioelectric potentials of the erector spinae muscle during everyday activities and the flexion-relaxation test
Hypotheses:
- Deep tissue massage will reduce the level of pain in the lumbar spine
- Deep tissue massage will reduce the level of disability
- Deep tissue massage will increase the range of motion of the lumbar spine in all directions
- Deep tissue massage will reduce the threshold of discomfort when compressing the soft tissues of the erector spinae muscle
- Deep tissue massage will reduce muscle tone and stiffness and increase the elasticity of the back extensor muscle
- Deep tissue massage will increase the bioelectrical potentials of the erector spinae muscle while performing tests of activities of daily living
- Deep tissue massage will reduce the value of the flexion-relaxation test
Detailed Description
Deep tissue massage is a manual action of the therapist in the superficial and deep layers of muscles and fascia in order to relax, change abnormal patterns, eliminate tension and pain in a maximally ergonomic way. Deep tissue massage should be described as an independent method of therapy using a specific set of techniques and principles. It is a safe method with a wide range of applications, while the techniques themselves can be modified to the needs of the patient. It is believed that deep tissue massage causes: improvement of tissue blood supply, reduction of muscle tension, stretching of muscles and fascia, improvement of muscle and joint function.
Participants A total of 40 patients (30 to 60 years of age) participated in the study. All participants were characterized by the presence of chronic low back pain syndrome, performed office work for 8 hours a day and were characterized by moderate physical activity. Using randomization, participants were divided into two groups (experimental and control). The experimental group included participants who received deep tissue massage (N=20, 18 women and 2 men, average age: 40). The control group included participants who did not receive therapy (N=20, 13 women and 7 men, average age: 43).
Intervention The deep tissue massage lasted 45 minutes. The entire therapy included 4 treatments over a period of 2 weeks. The interval between treatments was 3 days. The conducted therapy included techniques for: quadratus lumborum muscle, erector spinae muscle, thoracolumbar fascia, iliopsoas muscle. All techniques were performed on both sides of the patient's body.
Research methods
The following measurement equipment was used to collect the data:
Study Design
- Study Type
- Interventional
- Allocation
- Randomized
- Intervention Model
- Parallel
- Primary Purpose
- Treatment
- Masking
- Triple (Participant, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)
Masking Description
Triple (participant, researcher, outcome assessor). Participants did not know which study group they belonged to. Each participant drew a number that was characteristic of a given research group (experimental DTM group or control group). The researcher also did not know which group the participant belonged to (he only used the participant number). Outcome assessor did not know which group was experimental and which was control (they were marked with numbers instead of names). The coordinator supervised the proper course of the study.
Eligibility Criteria
- Ages
- 30 Years to 60 Years (Adult)
- Sex
- All
- Accepts Healthy Volunteers
- No
Inclusion Criteria
- •Chronic Low-Back Pain
- •office worker
Exclusion Criteria
- •spine surgeries
- •cauda equina syndrome
- •pain or motor and sensory deficits in the lower extremities below the level of the knee
- •various therapies to treat chronic low-back pain
Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Lumbar left flexion (PRE)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Electrogoniometric measurement of the angular range of motion the day before the therapy
Lumbar left flexion (POST)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Electrogoniometric measurement of the angular range of motion the day after the therapy
Lumbar right flexion (PRE)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Electrogoniometric measurement of the angular range of motion the day before the therapy
Lumbar anterior flexion (POST)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Electrogoniometric measurement of the angular range of motion the day after the therapy
Lumbar posterior flexion (PRE)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Electrogoniometric measurement of the angular range of motion the day before the therapy
Lumbar right flexion (POST)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Electrogoniometric measurement of the angular range of motion the day after the therapy
Lumbar left rotation (PRE)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Electrogoniometric measurement of the angular range of motion the day before the therapy
Lumbar anterior flexion (PRE)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Electrogoniometric measurement of the angular range of motion the day before the therapy
Lumbar right rotation (PRE)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Electrogoniometric measurement of the angular range of motion the day before the therapy
Lumbar right rotation (POST)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Electrogoniometric measurement of the angular range of motion the day after the therapy
Stiffness (S) of the left longissimus muscle (POST)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Myotonometer examination of soft tissue properties the day after the therapy
Muscle tone (F) of the right longissimus muscle (PRE)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Myotonometer examination of soft tissue properties the day before the therapy
Lumbar posterior flexion (POST)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Electrogoniometric measurement of the angular range of motion the day after the therapy
Elasticity (D) of the left longissimus muscle (POST)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Myotonometer examination of soft tissue properties the day after the therapy
Pressure pain threshold (PPT) of the right longissimus muscle (PRE)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Examination of the first discomfort threshold using an algometer the day before the therapy
Pressure pain threshold (PPT) of the right longissimus muscle (POST)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Examination of the first discomfort threshold using an algometer the day after the therapy
EMG - MVC for right multifidus muscle (PRE)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Electromyographic measurements of maximal voluntary contraction of the right multifidus muscle the day before the therapy
EMG - MVC for right multifidus muscle (POST)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Electromyographic measurements of maximal voluntary contraction of the right multifidus muscle the day after the therapy
EMG - sitting and standing test for right longissimus muscle (PRE)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Electromyographic measurements of the left multifidus muscle during sitting and standing test the day before the therapy
Stiffness (S) of the right longissimus muscle (POST)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Myotonometer examination of soft tissue properties the day after the therapy
Elasticity (D) of the right longissimus muscle (POST)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Myotonometer examination of soft tissue properties the day after the therapy
EMG - MVC for right iliocostalis muscle (POST)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Electromyographic measurements of maximal voluntary contraction of the right iliocostalis muscle the day after the therapy
EMG - MVC for left multifidus muscle (PRE)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Electromyographic measurements of maximal voluntary contraction of the left multifidus muscle the day before the therapy
EMG - FR test for right longissimus muscle (PRE)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Electromyographic measurements of the right longissimus muscle during the Flexion-Relaxation test the day before the therapy
Lumbar left rotation (POST)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Electrogoniometric measurement of the angular range of motion the day after the therapy
Stiffness (S) of the right longissimus muscle (PRE)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Myotonometer examination of soft tissue properties the day before the intervention
Elasticity (D) of the right longissimus muscle (PRE)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Myotonometer examination of soft tissue properties the day before the therapy
Muscle tone (F) of the right longissimus muscle (POST)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Myotonometer examination of soft tissue properties the day after the therapy
Pressure pain threshold (PPT) of the left longissimus muscle (PRE)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Examination of the first discomfort threshold using an algometer the day before the therapy
EMG - MVC for left longissimus muscle (PRE)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Electromyographic measurements of maximal voluntary contraction of the left longissimus muscle the day before the therapy
Stiffness (S) of the left longissimus muscle (PRE)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Myotonometer examination of soft tissue properties the day before the therapy
Elasticity (D) of the left longissimus muscle (PRE)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Myotonometer examination of soft tissue properties the day before the therapy
Muscle tone (F) of the left longissimus muscle (PRE)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Myotonometer examination of soft tissue properties the day before the therapy
Muscle tone (F) of the left longissimus muscle (POST)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Myotonometer examination of soft tissue properties the day after the therapy
Pressure pain threshold (PPT) of the left longissimus muscle (POST)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Examination of the first discomfort threshold using an algometer the day after the therapy
EMG - MVC for right longissimus muscle (PRE)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Electromyographic measurements of maximal voluntary contraction of the right longissimus muscle the day before therapy
EMG - MVC for right longissimus muscle (POST)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Electromyographic measurements of maximal voluntary contraction of the right longissimus muscle the day after the therapy
EMG - MVC for left longissimus muscle (POST)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Electromyographic measurements of maximal voluntary contraction of the left longissimus muscle the day after the therapy
EMG - MVC for left iliocostalis muscle (POST)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Electromyographic measurements of maximal voluntary contraction of the left longissimus muscle the day after the therapy
EMG - MVC for left multifidus muscle (POST)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Electromyographic measurements of maximal voluntary contraction of the left multifidus muscle the day after the therapy
EMG - FR test for left longissimus muscle (PRE)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Electromyographic measurements of the left longissimus muscle during the Flexion-Relaxation test the day before the therapy
EMG - FR test for left multifidus muscle (PRE)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Electromyographic measurements of the left longissimus muscle during the Flexion-Relaxation test the day before the therapy
EMG - MVC for right iliocostalis muscle (PRE)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Electromyographic measurements of maximal voluntary contraction of the left longissimus muscle the day before the therapy
EMG - FR test for right longissimus muscle (POST)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Electromyographic measurements of the right longissimus muscle during the Flexion-Relaxation test the day after the therapy
EMG - FR test for right iliocostalis muscle (POST)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Electromyographic measurements of the left longissimus muscle during the Flexion-Relaxation test the day after the therapy
EMG - FR test for right multifidus muscle (POST)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Electromyographic measurements of the left longissimus muscle during the Flexion-Relaxation test the day after the therapy
EMG - MVC for left iliocostalis muscle (PRE)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Electromyographic measurements of maximal voluntary contraction of the left longissimus muscle the day before the therapy
EMG - FR test for left longissimus muscle (POST)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Electromyographic measurements of the left longissimus muscle during the Flexion-Relaxation test the day after the therapy
EMG - FR test for right iliocostalis muscle (PRE)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Electromyographic measurements of the left longissimus muscle during the Flexion-Relaxation test the day before the therapy
EMG - FR test for left iliocostalis muscle (PRE)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Electromyographic measurements of the left longissimus muscle during the Flexion-Relaxation test the day before the therapy
EMG - FR test for right multifidus muscle (PRE)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Electromyographic measurements of the left longissimus muscle during the Flexion-Relaxation test the day before the therapy
EMG - sitting and standing test for right iliocostalis muscle (PRE)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Electromyographic measurements of the right iliocostalis muscle during sitting and standing test the day before the therapy
EMG - sitting and standing test for left iliocostalis muscle (POST)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Electromyographic measurements of the left iliocostalis muscle during sitting and standing test the day after the therapy
EMG - sitting and standing test for left multifidus muscle (POST)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Electromyographic measurements of the left multifidus muscle during sitting and standing test the day after the therapy
EMG - weight holding test (1 kg) for left longissimus muscle (PRE)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Electromyographic measurements of the left longissimus muscle during the weight holding test (1kg) the day before the therapy
EMG - weight holding test (1 kg) for left longissimus muscle (POST)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Electromyographic measurements of the left longissimus muscle during the weight holding test (1kg) the day after the therapy
EMG - weight holding test (1 kg) for right multifidus muscle (PRE)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Electromyographic measurements of the right multifidus muscle during the weight holding test (1kg) the day before the therapy
EMG - weight holding test (2 kg) for right longissimus muscle (POST)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Electromyographic measurements of the right longissimus muscle during the weight holding test (1kg) the day after the therapy
EMG - weight holding test (2 kg) for left longissimus muscle (PRE)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Electromyographic measurements of the left longissimus muscle during the weight holding test (1kg) the day before the therapy
EMG - FR test for left iliocostalis muscle (POST)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Electromyographic measurements of the left longissimus muscle during the Flexion-Relaxation test the day after the therapy
EMG - FR test for left multifidus muscle (POST)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Electromyographic measurements of the left multifidus muscle during the Flexion-Relaxation test the day after the therapy
EMG - sitting and standing test for right longissimus muscle (POST)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Electromyographic measurements of the right longissimus muscle during sitting and standing test the day after the therapy
EMG - sitting and standing test for left longissimus muscle (POST)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Electromyographic measurements of the left longissimus muscle during sitting and standing test the day after the therapy
EMG - sitting and standing test for left iliocostalis muscle (PRE)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Electromyographic measurements of the left iliocostalis muscle during sitting and standing test the day before the therapy
EMG - sitting and standing test for right multifidus muscle (PRE)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Electromyographic measurements of the right multifidus muscle during sitting and standing test the day before the therapy
EMG - sitting and standing test for right multifidus muscle (POST)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Electromyographic measurements of the right multifidus muscle during sitting and standing test the day after the therapy
EMG - weight holding test (2 kg) for right longissimus muscle (PRE)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Electromyographic measurements of the right longissimus muscle during the weight holding test (1kg) the day before the therapy
EMG - weight holding test (2 kg) for right multifidus muscle (POST)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Electromyographic measurements of the right multifidus muscle during the weight holding test (1kg) the day after the therapy
EMG - sitting and standing test for left longissimus muscle (PRE)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Electromyographic measurements of the left longissimus muscle during sitting and standing test the day before the therapy
EMG - sitting and standing test for right iliocostalis muscle (POST)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Electromyographic measurements of the right iliocostalis muscle during sitting and standing test the day after the therapy
EMG - weight holding test (1 kg) for right longissimus muscle (PRE)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Electromyographic measurements of the right longissimus muscle during the weight holding test (1kg) the day before the therapy
EMG - weight holding test (1 kg) for right iliocostalis muscle (POST)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Electromyographic measurements of the right iliocostalis muscle during the weight holding test (1kg) the day after the therapy
Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire (POST)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ) - the day after therapy. The minimum score is 0, while the maximum is 24. The higher the score, the worse it is and it illustrates the poor functional condition of the examined person.
EMG - sitting and standing test for left multifidus muscle (PRE)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Electromyographic measurements of the left multifidus muscle during sitting and standing test the day before the therapy
EMG - weight holding test (1 kg) for left multifidus muscle (POST)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Electromyographic measurements of the left multifidus muscle during the weight holding test (1kg) the day after the therapy
EMG - weight holding test (2 kg) for right iliocostalis muscle (POST)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Electromyographic measurements of the right iliocostalis muscle during the weight holding test (1kg) the day after the therapy
EMG - weight holding test (2 kg) for left multifidus muscle (PRE)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Electromyographic measurements of the left multifidus muscle during the weight holding test (1kg) the day before the therapy
EMG - weight holding test (2 kg) for left multifidus muscle (POST)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Electromyographic measurements of the left multifidus muscle during the weight holding test (1kg) the day after the therapy
Revised Oswestry Pain Questionnaire (PRE)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Revised Oswestry Pain Questionnaire (ODI) - the day before therapy. The minimum score is 0, while the maximum is 50, which proves 100% disability. A higher result is worse and proves the patient's disability in everyday activities.
EMG - weight holding test (1 kg) for right longissimus muscle (POST)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Electromyographic measurements of the right longissimus muscle during the weight holding test (1kg) the day after the therapy
EMG - weight holding test (1 kg) for right iliocostalis muscle (PRE)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Electromyographic measurements of the right iliocostalis muscle during the weight holding test (1kg) the day before the therapy
EMG - weight holding test (1 kg) for left iliocostalis muscle (PRE)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Electromyographic measurements of the left iliocostalis muscle during the weight holding test (1kg) the day before the therapy
EMG - weight holding test (1 kg) for left iliocostalis muscle (POST)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Electromyographic measurements of the left iliocostalis muscle during the weight holding test (1kg) the day after the therapy
EMG - weight holding test (2 kg) for left longissimus muscle (POST)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Electromyographic measurements of the left longissimus muscle during the weight holding test (1kg) the day after the therapy
Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire (PRE)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ) - the day before therapy. The minimum score is 0, while the maximum is 24. The higher the score, the worse it is and it illustrates the poor functional condition of the examined person.
EMG - weight holding test (1 kg) for right multifidus muscle (POST)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Electromyographic measurements of the right multifidus muscle during the weight holding test (1kg) the day after the therapy
EMG - weight holding test (1 kg) for left multifidus muscle (PRE)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Electromyographic measurements of the left multifidus muscle during the weight holding test (1kg) the day before the therapy
EMG - weight holding test (2 kg) for right iliocostalis muscle (PRE)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Electromyographic measurements of the right iliocostalis muscle during the weight holding test (1kg) the day before the therapy
EMG - weight holding test (2 kg) for left iliocostalis muscle (PRE)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Electromyographic measurements of the left iliocostalis muscle during the weight holding test (1kg) the day before the therapy
Visual-Analog Scale (POST)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Visual-Analog Scale (VAS) - the day after therapy. The minimum score is 0 and the maximum score is 10. The higher the score, the worse it is and it reflects the subjective level of pain experienced.
EMG - weight holding test (2 kg) for left iliocostalis muscle (POST)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Electromyographic measurements of the left iliocostalis muscle during the weight holding test (1kg) the day after the therapy
EMG - weight holding test (2 kg) for right multifidus muscle (PRE)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Electromyographic measurements of the right multifidus muscle during the weight holding test (1kg) the day before the therapy
Visual-Analog Scale (PRE)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Visual-Analog Scale (VAS) - the day before therapy. The minimum score is 0 and the maximum score is 10. The higher the score, the worse it is and it reflects the subjective level of pain experienced.
Revised Oswestry Pain Questionnaire (POST)
Time Frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 weeks.
Revised Oswestry Pain Questionnaire (ODI) - the day after therapy. The minimum score is 0, while the maximum is 50, which proves 100% disability. A higher result is worse and proves the patient's disability in everyday activities.
Secondary Outcomes
No secondary outcomes reported
Investigators
Michał Wendt
Principal Investigator
Poznan University of Physical Education