Effects of a Biopsychosocial-Spiritual Group Intervention on Quality of Life of Institutionalized Seniors

Not Applicable

Completed

• Conditions: Quality of Life

• Registration Number: NCT05519280
• Lead Sponsor: Mackay Medical College

Brief Summary

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a biopsychosocial-spiritual (BPS-S) Group intervention on quality of life among seniors with disabilities in long-term care residential settings.

Detailed Description

Background: Traditionally, biomedical care approach has been insufficient to meet the complex needs of older people living with multi-morbidity. Promoting whole-person wellness and better quality of life becomes a key goal of care in residential long-term care facilities. The integrative approaches composed of physio-psycho-social and spiritual components might be a viable strategy to assist older adults accept uncontrollable life changes and enhance holistic wellness.

Purpose: The study purpose was to develop and evaluate the effects of 8-week biopsychosocial-spiritual (BPS-S) group intervention versus usual care on self-perception of quality of life (QoL) and meaning in life among seniors with disability in residential care home at mid- and post-intervention, and at a 1-month follow up.

Methods: This single-blind randomized controlled trail with repeated measures design was conducted in residential long-term care facilities. Both the experimental groups (EG) and the control group (CG) received routing group activities based on their institution's schedule. Additionally, the EG received 8 sessions of weekly BPS-S group therapy for 80 minutes each. The baseline characteristics of residents with disabilities (including demographic information, length of stay in the institution and medical conditions) were collected using a data sheet, and activities of daily living of these residents were measured using the Barthel Index. To evaluate the effectiveness of the BPS-S group therapy, the primary outcomes including "participants' overall QOL" and the secondary outcome "meaning in life" were assessed at four time points: before, mid- and post- intervention and at a 1-month follow up. Quality of Life Index (QLI)-Part I and Purpose in Life (PIL) test were used to measure these outcome variables, respectively.

Study Timeline

• Study Start: 2019-01-01
• Primary Completion: 2020-03-31
• Study Completion: 2020-03-31
• Status Verified: 2022-08
• Study First Submitted: 2022-08-18
• Study First Submitted QC: 2022-08-25
• Last Update Submitted: 2022-08-25
• Study First Posted: 2022-08-29
• Last Update Posted: 2022-08-29

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: COMPLETED
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 83

Inclusion Criteria

1. being 65 years of age or older;
2. living in the institution for at least 1 month;
3. Barthel Index scores under 90;
4. no hearing, visual impairment and infectious diseases;
5. being able to follow instructions and participate in group activities.

Exclusion Criteria

have the diagnosis of major depression.

Study & Design

• Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Design: PARALLEL

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Change in quality of life summary scores before intervention to 4-week post intervention.	The data were collected before the intervention to week 12: baseline, in the middle of the intervention (the fourth week), at the end of the intervention (the eighth week), and the follow-up four weeks after the intervention (the twelfth week).	Quality of life was measured using the Chinese version of the Quality of Life Index (QLI)-Part I. It contains 33 items measuring satisfaction regarding the four domains (health and functioning, social and economic domain, psychological/spiritual wellness, and family). The QLI-Part I is a six-point satisfaction rating scale from very unsatisfied (1) to very satisfied (6). To determine the scores, each satisfaction item is recoded from -0.25 to 0.25, and both the overall and subscale scores of the QLI-Part I calculated by following step by step scoring instructions ranges from 0 to 30; highest values represent better quality of life

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Change in Meaning in life summary scores before intervention to 4-week post intervention.	The data were collected before the intervention to week 12: baseline, in the middle of the intervention (the fourth week), at the end of the intervention (the eighth week), and the follow-up four weeks after the intervention (the twelfth week).	Meaning in life was measured using the Purpose in Life Test (PIL). It is a 20-item scale designed to measure the degree of perceived meaning and purpose in individual life. Each item of the original scale is rated on a seven-point scale along a continuum from one extreme feeling (0) to the opposite feeling (7). However, too many options may be difficult for older adults to make ratings, so the original seven-point scale was modified to a five-point scale in this study, with 3 representing a neutral response. Possible scores range from 20 to 100, where higher scores indicate stronger sense of meaning in life.

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

Department of Nursing; 🇨🇳 New Taipei City, Taiwan