A French Multicenter Retrospective Observational Study Assessing the Efficacy and Safety of Enfortumab Vedotin Combined With Pembrolizumab in the First-Line Treatment of Patients With Metastatic or Locally Advanced Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma

The combination of Enfortumab Vedotin and Pembrolizumab has substantially improved outcomes for patients with advanced urothelial carcinoma and has emerged as a new standard of care in the first-line setting. However, data specifically regarding its use in patients with Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma (UTUC) remain limited.

This multicenter retrospective observational study aims to evaluate the real-world efficacy and safety of Enfortumab Vedotin plus Pembrolizumab as first-line treatment in patients with metastatic or locally advanced Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma (UTUC). The primary outcome will include objective response rate (ORR). Secondary outcomes will include progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), time to treatment response (TTR) and treatment-related toxicity.

In addition, the study will explore potential associations between clinical outcomes and selected molecular and immunohistochemical biomarkers, including Nectin-4 expression, microsatellite instability (MSI) status, and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression. These exploratory analyses may help identify predictive factors of response and contribute to a better understanding of treatment outcomes in this specific patient population.