Effect of Isometric Handgrip Exercises on Blood Pressure of Hypertensive Adults
Overview
- Phase
- Not Applicable
- Status
- Completed
- Enrollment
- 104
- Locations
- 1
- Primary Endpoint
- Systolic blood pressure
Overview
Brief Summary
This study is designed to determine the effects of isometric handgrip exercises as compared to aerobic exercises in the hypertensive population, specifically in pre-hypertensives and those with hypertension stage I who are not taking pharmacological treatment. This exercise is designed as part of lifestyle modification for these patients and if proven effective, it can provide an easier to perform exercise regimen as an alternative to be incorporated in the exercise plan of patients who have difficulty in performing aerobic exercises because of musculoskeletal concerns.
Detailed Description
Hypertension (HTN) is a significant public health problem, with an increasing worldwide prevalence. The disease has an impact on reducing the quality of life (QOL) and can be life-threatening if not treated early. It is considered the major risk factor for cardiovascular and renal diseases. Complications of hypertension can lead to a variety of serious diseases like stroke, heart attack, and even cardiac and renal failure. Non-pharmacological management via lifestyle modification is focused in the initial stages of HTN through the reduction in alcohol consumption, cessation of tobacco smoking, maintenance of body weight, improvements in nutrition, and increases in physical activity. Physical activity improves health status and prevents the complications of hypertension like stroke and heart failure.
Typically, aerobic exercises in the form of walking and jogging are advised as part of lifestyle modification. effectiveness of resistance training is also worked upon. A relatively newer approach in the form of Isometric Hand Grip exercises (IHG) is also under research because it can serve as a useful alternative for patients who cannot perform aerobic exercises because of musculoskeletal conditions. This study is targeted to assess the effects of IHG exercises, aerobic training, both aerobic and IHG training as well as sham IHG treatment for a comprehensive assessment of effects of IHG training.
Study Design
- Study Type
- Interventional
- Allocation
- Randomized
- Intervention Model
- Parallel
- Primary Purpose
- Treatment
- Masking
- Double (Participant, Outcomes Assessor)
Eligibility Criteria
- Ages
- 30 Years to 65 Years (Adult, Older Adult)
- Sex
- All
- Accepts Healthy Volunteers
- No
Inclusion Criteria
- •Pre-hypertension (systolic BP 120-139 mmHg and diastolic BP\<80) or stage I hypertensive patients (systolic BP 140-159 mmHg and diastolic BP 90-99mm Hg.
Exclusion Criteria
- •Patients who are taking antihypertensive agents
- •Malignant hypertension
- •Physical limitation preventing IHG training (e.g., missing arm, severe hand arthritis, carpal tunnel syndrome, or having a musculoskeletal disorder affecting the upper limb.
- •Active systemic illness that restricts exercise
- •People doing exercise regularly
- •Any other cardiopulmonary, metabolic, neurological, or psychiatric illness.
Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Systolic blood pressure
Time Frame: 6 weeks
Pressure exerted by flowing blood on walls of blood vessels during contraction of heart.
Mean arterial pressure (MAP)
Time Frame: 6 weeks
Mean arterial pressure (MAP) is the average of arterial pressure during one cardiac cycle and it will be calculated by using the formula MAP = DBP+ 1/3 (SBP-DBP).
Diastolic blood pressure
Time Frame: 6 weeks
Pressure exerted by flowing blood on walls of blood vessels during relaxation of heart.
Secondary Outcomes
No secondary outcomes reported