Injecting Botulinum Toxin A Underneath the Skin to Treat Spinal Cord Pain in Patients With Spinal Cord Injury

Phase 2

Terminated

Conditions: Spinal Cord Injury
Neuropathic Back Pain

Interventions: Drug: Placebo
Drug: Botulinum Toxin A

Registration Number: NCT02736890

Lead Sponsor: Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai

Brief Summary: Back pain is a common secondary condition of both acute and chronic spinal cord injury (SCI). Current existing treatment including both pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic are limited by marginal efficacy or intolerable side effects. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the potential of subcutaneous injections of botulinum toxin A to provide pain relief in spinal cord injury patients with back pain near the level of injury in the spine. Botulinum toxin A has been shown in both pre-clinical and clinical studies to help with nerve pain. The researchers propose a double blinded placebo controlled crossover study to study the effects of subcutaneous botulinum injections to at--level SCI back pain in patients with spinal cord injury.

Detailed Description: In this study, there will be 2 procedure performed. The first procedure will be named P1 and consists of subcutaneous injection of either placebo or Botulinum Toxin A. The second procedure will be the cross-over procedure named P2. For the cross-over procedure, the subjects who had initially received Botulinum Toxin A will receive placebo and the subjects who had initially received placebo will receive Botulinum Toxin A. This is a Randomized Double-Blinded Placebo Controlled Trial. Recruited subjects will be consented, enrolled and evaluated immediately prior to P1 (or during a visit prior to the visit for P1). After the initial pre-treatment evaluation, subjects will randomly receive either placebo or Botulinum Toxin A subcutaneously (P1). A telephone follow-up (or e-mail follow up) will be performed at 2 weeks and 8 weeks post- P1. An onsite follow up will be performed 4 weeks post P1 and 12 weeks post P1.

Cross-over Study: After the 3rd month on-site evaluation (12 weeks post P1), during the same visit, the subject will proceed to the cross-over study. At this time, the patient will have the option to receive a repeat subcutaneous injection of the cross-over agent. If they desire one, a subcutaneous injection of the cross-over agent will be performed at that same visit. If they wish to defer the repeat injection, they will be contacted and asked every 4 weeks - between 12 weeks and 24 weeks post P1 (no subject will receive P2 after week 24) if they would like to have the subcutaneous injection of the cross-over agent. If they desire one, a repeat injection will be scheduled for the following week.

The rationale for a variable length of time after the initial Botulinum Toxin A/Placebo injection (P1) is to document the variability of individuals' pain response after Botulinum Toxin A. It has been reported in literature, of the subjects that respond to subcutaneous Botulinum Toxin A injections for pain, most will return to their base-line pain score in 12--24 weeks.

Recruitment & Eligibility

Status: TERMINATED

Sex: All

Target Recruitment: 8

Inclusion Criteria

Between the ages of 18 and 80 years old
Diagnosed with traumatic spinal cord injury
Target pain is considered by the physician as at-level SCI in nature to a high degree of certainty (4 or 5 using a Likert confidence scale ranging from 0-5 where 0 is "purely a guess" and 5 is "absolutely certain")
Able to give written informed consent
Target pain that has been continuously present for at least one month
Target pain is of at least moderate average intensity over the past week, e.g., greater than or equal to 4/10 on a numeric rating scale, the cutoff point for moderate pain in an SCI population.
Target pain is localized within the dermatome which identifies the NLI or within 3 levels below the NLI
Subject has been on a stable dose of analgesic mediation (or not on analgesic medication) for at least 3 weeks and is agreeable to remaining on current regimen for the duration of the study (previous prescribed breakthrough analgesics will be allowed)

Exclusion Criteria

Pregnancy
History of intolerance, hypersensitivity or known allergy to botulinum toxin or its preservatives
History of intolerance, hypersensitivity or known allergy to EMLA cream (lignocaine/prilocaine eutectic mixture) which is used as an analgesic during BoNT injection
Recent history of administration of botulinum toxin (within previous 6 months)
Contraindications to botulinum toxin (myasthenia gravis or other disease of the neuromuscular junction)
Coagulation disorder
Current infection
Insufficient command of English to complete self-report instruments.

Study & Design

Study Type: INTERVENTIONAL

Study Design: CROSSOVER

Arm && Interventions

Group	Intervention	Description
Placebo	Placebo	Placebo consists of 0.9% normal saline. Each injection will be 0.2mL, administered with a 25 gauge needle subcutaneously into the affected area. The marked area will have subcutaneous injections (maximum of 80) each separated from the surrounding ones by a radius of 1 cm.
Botulinum Toxin A	Botulinum Toxin A	Each vial of botulin toxin (100U, BOTOX, Allergan) will be reconstituted with 4ml non-preserved saline solution (0.9%) as recommended by the manufacturer (concentration of 5 units Botulinum Toxin A/0.2ml). Each injection will be 0.2mL (BOTOX, 5 units), administered through a 25 gauge needle. The marked area will have subcutaneous injections, each separated by a radius of 1 cm, from the other injections into the marked area,(maximum of 80 injections, 400 Units).

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS)	up to 12 weeks post-injection, for a total of 24 weeks from baseline	Participant rated pain intensity from 0-10, with higher score indicating more pain

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
International Basic Pain Dataset - Pain Affecting Mood	up to 12 weeks post-injection, for a total of 24 weeks from baseline	The International Basic Pain Dataset is an assessment tool which includes several components including: location of pain, temporal qualities of the pain, type of pain, pain interference measures of activity, sleep, and mood. It has been shown to be valid in an interview/self -report format. The pain affecting mood subset of the dataset is scored is from 0 to 10, with higher score indicating less favorable outcomes.
International Basic Pain Dataset - Pain Affecting Sleep	up to 12 weeks post-injection, for a total of 24 weeks from baseline	The International Basic Pain Dataset is an assessment tool which includes several components including: location of pain, temporal qualities of the pain, type of pain, pain interference measures of activity, sleep, and mood. It has been shown to be valid in an interview/self -report format. The pain affecting sleep subset of the dataset is scored is from 0 to 10, with higher score indicating less favorable outcomes.
International Basic Pain Dataset - Pain Affecting Day-to-day Activities	up to 12 weeks post-injection, for a total of 24 weeks from baseline	The International Basic Pain Dataset is an assessment tool which includes several components including: location of pain, temporal qualities of the pain, type of pain, pain interference measures of activity, sleep, and mood. It has been shown to be valid in an interview/self -report format. The pain affecting day-to-day activities subset of the dataset is scored is from 0 to 10, with higher score indicating less favorable outcomes.
Static Mechanical Allodynia Testing	up to 12 weeks post-injection, for a total of 24 weeks from baseline	Mechanical allodynia is a characteristic of evoked pain in subjects with neuropathic pain. Static allodynia to mechanical stimuli will be defined as a sensation of pain evoked by the pressure of the end of a wooden stick. The end of a wooden stick will touch the affected region with enough pressure to indent the skin, for 10 seconds. Afterwards, the subject will be asked to rate the perceived pain on an 11-point NRS.
Dynamic Mechanical Allodynia Testing	up to 12 weeks post-injection, for a total of 24 weeks from baseline	Dynamic allodynia will be tested by stroking the affected region gently with a cotton swab, 4 times at a rate of 3-5cm per second over an area of 5cm. If there is an evoked clear sensation of pain, the subject is asked to rate the intensity of dynamic allodynia using the 11-point NRS. The region of static and dynamic allodynia, if present, will be marked and recorded
Patient-generated Index (PGI)	up to 12 weeks post-injection, for a total of 24 weeks from baseline	PGI measures activity affected by pain. Full score is 0 to 10000, with higher score indicating better function
7-Point Guy/Farrar Patient Global Impression of Change (PGIC)	up to 12 weeks post-injection, for a total of 24 weeks from baseline	Mean change from baseline. Participants are asked "Taking into account your pain level and how it affects your life, are you feeling better, the same or worse than when you started treatment?" and then to quantify the magnitude of the change. with the 7-Point guy Farrar which measures the global treatment effect from with scale from 0 to 6, higher score indicates worse outcomes.