Thermoregulation During a 25-km Open Water Race

Completed

• Conditions: Hypothermia Due to Cold Environment

• Registration Number: NCT04460339
• Lead Sponsor: University Hospital, Caen

Brief Summary

Open water swimming is a swimming discipline which takes place in outdoor water such as open oceans, lakes, and rivers. Elite swimmers are exposed to hypothermia when swimming in cold water, especially in long duration races, such as the 25-km race. The objective of this study is to evaluate the change in body core temperature in swimmers with continuous temperature monitoring during a 25-km race. The secondary objective is to identify the predictors of hypothermia and hypothermia-related drop-out.

Detailed Description

Not available

Study Timeline

• Study Start: 2019-03-01
• Primary Completion: 2019-05-26
• Study Completion: 2020-06-03
• Study First Submitted: 2020-06-27
• Status Verified: 2020-07
• Study First Submitted QC: 2020-07-01
• Study First Posted: 2020-07-07
• Last Update Submitted: 2025-03-24
• Last Update Posted: 2025-03-26

Recruitment & Eligibility

• Status: COMPLETED
• Sex: All
• Target Recruitment: 24

Inclusion Criteria

• competitors of the 25-km French Open Water Championship
• participants who volunteered for this study
• written consent was obtained from all participants, as well as their legal representatives when applicable (i.e. parents for under age participants).

Exclusion Criteria

• swallowing disorders
• transit disorders
• MRI scheduled within 48 hours

Study & Design

• Study Type: OBSERVATIONAL
• Study Design: Not specified

Primary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Change in Water Temperature	Continuous measurement was collected from 30 minutes before the race until 2 hours after the end of the race for each swimmer	Measurement of the Water Temperature using an electronic sensor (iButton® Maxim Integrated) which provide a continuous validated measurement
Change in Body Core Temperature	Continuous measurement was collected from 30 minutes before the race until 2 hours after the end of the race for each swimmer	Measurement of Body Core Temperature using an ingestible electronic sensor (e-Celsius®, BodyCap , Caen, France) which provide a continuous validated measurement

Secondary Outcome Measures

Name	Time	Method
Body composition, body mass	One measurement assessed the day before the race	Body mass (in kg) was measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis (mBCA 525, Seca, Germany).
Body composition, muscle mass	One measurement assessed the day before the race	Muscle mass (in kg, % of body mass \[muscle mass and body mass were combined to report % of body mass) was measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis (mBCA 525, Seca, Germany).
Perception of Cold	One measurement assessed immediately at the end of the race	Immediately at the end of the race participants' perception of cold was assessed using the Cold Discomfort Scale (CDS, with rating from 0-to-10 over 10, where 0 indicates no experience of cold and 10 indicates unbearable cold)
Performance	Time at each lap of 2500m and at the end of the race	Time at each lap and swimming race timing was collected using the official swimming timing from the race organisers and French Federation
Dropout rate	During the swimming race and data were collected immediately after dropout for each swimmer who dropped out	Swimmers who dropout were identified and cause for dropout was collected
Body composition, fat mass	One measurement assessed the day before the race	Fat mass (in kg, % of body mass \[fat mass and body mass were combined to report % of body mass) was measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis (mBCA 525, Seca, Germany).
Body composition, fat-free mass	One measurement assessed the day before the race	Fat-free mass (in kg, % of body mass \[fat-free mass and body mass were combined to report % of body mass) was measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis (mBCA 525, Seca, Germany).

Trial Locations

Locations (1)

CHU Caen Normandie; 🇫🇷 Caen, France